Linux系统下怎么安装mysql

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1.查看linux操作系统版本和系统内核版本

[root@nfs_client ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 查看操作系统版本
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
[root@nfs_client ~]# uname -r 查看系统内核版本
3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64

二 下载对应版本的MySQL 安装文件

1.下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载下来：

三 卸载旧版本的MySql （没有的话，则跳过此步骤）
1、查看旧版本MySql
rpm -qa | grep mysql

将会列出旧版本MySql的组件列表，如：

我的电脑这里只显示一个，有可能会有多个。

2、逐个删除掉旧的组件
使用命令rpm -e --nodeps {-file-name}进行移除操作，移除的时候可能会有依赖，要注意一定的顺序。

第一次没有删除成功是因为最后多了一个空格。

四、安装过程：

解压tar文件

命令：

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

执行结果：

[root@localhost software]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装依赖组件

在我进行安装msql-community-server-xxx的时候出现了下面的问题

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYerror: Failed dependencies:        /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64[root@localhost software]#

由上面的错误可以看出我们需要安装相应的依赖

1. libaio

2. net-tools

3. perl

• 安装依赖

yum -y install libaioyum -y install net-toolsyum -y install perl

安装mysql组件

经过上面的解压操作，我们得到了很多rpm文件。但是我们不需要这么多，我们只需要安装一下四个组件就可以了

mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

因为具有依赖关系，所以我们需要按顺序执行。
用rpm -ivh 文件名就能安装相应的组件。
在执行server的时候，需要依赖安装一些工具组件，已经在上文有说明了

安装命令：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

执行过程：

root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]

启动数据库

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MySQL5.7 安装 - Linux下RPM方式安装

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0.1 2017.09.09 16:19* 字数 623 阅读 1557评论 1喜欢 1

目前MySQL5.7的最新版本是5.7.19，

下载

• 地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

• 名称：mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

安装

我已经把安装包放到/usr/local/software路径下面

[root@localhost software]# lsmysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

查看是否已经安装mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql

解压tar文件

• 命令

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

• 执行结果

[root@localhost software]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-test-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

卸载冲突的RPM组件

在我们安装mysql相关组件的时候，如果不将此冲突的组件删除掉，我们是安装不成功的。
我们可以先跳过这步，直接进入下步操作，在安装的过程中会有相应的提示。下面是我所碰到的一个提示：

# 安装mysql组件时出现的依赖错误error: Failed dependencies:        mysql-community-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        # 卸载mariadb-libs时出现的依赖错误error: Failed dependencies:        libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64        libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

可以看出，我们需要卸载postfix和mariadb-libs相关的组件。卸载我们可以使用rpm -ev xxx。

• 查看postfix和mariadb-libs

rpm -qa | grep postfixrpm -qa | grep mariadb

• 执行过程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -qa | grep postfixpostfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64[root@localhost software]# rpm -qa | grep mariadbmariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

• 卸载postfix和mariadb-libs

rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

• 执行过程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ev postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64Preparing packages...postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64[root@localhost software]# rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64Preparing packages...mariadb-libs-1:5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

安装依赖组件

在我进行安装msql-community-server-xxx的时候出现了下面的问题

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYerror: Failed dependencies:        /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64        perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64[root@localhost software]#

由上面的错误可以看出我们需要安装相应的依赖

1. libaio

2. net-tools

3. perl

• 安装依赖

yum -y install libaioyum -y install net-toolsyum -y install perl

安装mysql组件

经过上面的解压操作，我们得到了很多rpm文件。但是我们不需要这么多，我们只需要安装一下四个组件就可以了：

mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

因为具有依赖关系，所以我们需要按顺序执行。
用rpm -ivh 文件名就能安装相应的组件。
在执行server的时候，需要依赖安装一些工具组件，已经在上文有说明了

• 安装命令

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

• 执行过程

[root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.19-1.el7################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.19-1.e################################# [100%]

启动数据库

# 查看mysql是否启动service mysqld status# 启动mysqlservice mysqld start# 停止mysqlservice mysqld stop# 重启mysqlservice mysqld restart

修改密码

mysql安装完成之后我们是没有设置密码的，但是mysql为我们设置了一个临时的密码，我们可以查看mysql的日志知道这个临时密码。

• 查看临时密码

grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

• 执行过程

[root@localhost ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log 2017-09-01T16:43:10.889769Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hcLMTxbOh3?w

这样我们得知临时密码是：hcLMTxbOh3?w。
然后我们用这个临时密码登录数据库。

数据库的密码需要满足以下条件：大小写字母，数字和特殊符号

• 执行命令

• # 登录mysql，之后需要输入密码mysql -p# 设置新密码set password = password("Mysql_123456");# 退出当前登录quit;

  
  

  执行过程：

• [root@localhost ~]# mysql -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.7.19 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> set password = password("Mysql_123456");Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql> quit;

  
  

  重新登录，这样我们就能用新的密码登录了。我们可以愉快的进行数据库操作了。

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