CentOS 7以yum方式安装zabbix3.2及配置文件详解

一、zabbix简介与环境准备

简介详见 ---> zabbix简介

环境准备： CentOS 7（node7）：zabbix-server，web，mysql，agent

mariadb：5.5.50

zabbix组件：3.2.1

apache：2.4.6

二、安装与配置

1、安装数据库（mariadb），可直接yum安装

[root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo[mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.0/centos7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1[root@node7 ~]# yum -y install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server MariaDB-devel

2、配置数据库

2.1 配置数据库配置文件

[root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnfinnodb_file_per_table = 1skip_name_resolve = 1

2.2 创建zabbix库并授权普通用户远程访问

[root@node7 ~]# systemctl start mariadb[root@node7 ~]# mysql -e "grant all on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';"[root@node7 ~]# mysql -uroot -prootWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 18Server version: 5.5.50-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB  [(none)]>  grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@192.168.1.20 identified by 'zabbix';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> \qBye

3、安装zabbix

3.1 创建zabbix用户与组(普通用户）

[root@node7 ~]# groupadd zabbix[root@node7 ~]# useradd -g zabbix zabbix

3.2 使用yum方式安装zabbix

[root@node7  ~]#  rpm -ivh [root@node7  ~]#  yum clean all[root@node7  ~]#  yum makecache[root@node7  ~]#  yum install zabbix zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-agent zabbix-sender zabbix-get zabbix-web-mysql

3.3 将zabbix数据导入数据库

[root@node7  ~]#  zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.2.1/create.sql | mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix

3.4 查看导入数据，并测试zabbix用户远程登录

[root@node7 ~]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbixWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 21Server version: 5.5.50-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || test               || zabbix             |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbixReading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedMariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;127 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [zabbix]> \qBye

3.5 配置zabbix-server

[root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf##日志文件LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log##定义日志文件大小，到达上限即开始滚动LogFileSize=0##Pid文件PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid##数据库地址DBHost=localhost,192.168.1.20,127.0.0.1,##数据库名DBName=zabbix##zabbix登录数据库所用用户名DBUser=zabbix##登录数据库的密码DBPassword=zabbix##mysql.sock文件路径# DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock        此处路径为编译安装时路径DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock##数据库监听的端口# DBPort=3306

3.6 zabbix-server高级配置详解

1、server端拉取agent端的items，开启的空闲数默认为5### Option: StartPollers#       Number of pre-forked instances of pollers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartPollers=52、硬件级别的监控，默认启动空闲为0### Option: StartIPMIPollers#       Number of pre-forked instances of IPMI pollers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartIPMIPollers=03、对不可达主机拉取数据### Option: StartPollersUnreachable#       are started.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartPollersUnreachable=14、陷阱机制，即对于中途加入的主机主动发送的数据进行保存，陷阱池默认为5个### Option: StartTrappers#       Number of pre-forked instances of trappers.#       in the frontend.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartTrappers=55、使用ICMP协议的ping对网络中主机进行在线状态检测### Option: StartPingers#       Number of pre-forked instances of ICMP pingers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartPingers=16、对网络中的主机ping主动扫描发现，对中途加入的主机进行上线。注意：主动发现很消耗带宽### Option: StartDiscoverers#       Number of pre-forked instances of discoverers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-250# Default:# StartDiscoverers=17、使用http协议请求网页资源，探测主机web服务是否正常### Option: StartHTTPPollers#       Number of pre-forked instances of HTTP pollers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartHTTPPollers=18、对时序有关的监控项计时### Option: StartTimers#       Number of pre-forked instances of timers.#       Timers process time-based trigger functions and maintenance periods.#       Only the first timer process handles the maintenance periods.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-1000# Default:# StartTimers=19、### Option: StartEscalators#       Number of pre-forked instances of escalators.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-100# Default:# StartEscalators=110、监控java虚拟机### Option: JavaGateway#       IP address (or hostname) of Zabbix Java gateway.#       Only required if Java pollers are started.## Mandatory: no# Default:# JavaGateway=11、监控java开启的端口### Option: JavaGatewayPort#       Port that Zabbix Java gateway listens on.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1024-32767# Default:# JavaGatewayPort=1005212、server端拉取jdk的数据### Option: StartJavaPollers#       Number of pre-forked instances of Java pollers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000# Default:# StartJavaPollers=013、监控VMware虚拟机的各项参数### Option: StartVMwareCollectors#       Number of pre-forked vmware collector instances.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-250# Default:# StartVMwareCollectors=014、监控VMware虚拟机的频率，默认60秒### Option: VMwareFrequency#       How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain a new data.## Mandatory: no# Range: 10-86400# Default:# VMwareFrequency=6015、监控VMware的服务### Option: VMwarePerfFrequency#       How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain performance data.## Mandatory: no# Range: 10-86400# Default:# VMwarePerfFrequency=6016、监控VMware的内存使用### Option: VMwareCacheSize#       Size of VMware cache, in bytes.#       Shared memory size for storing VMware data.#       Only used if VMware collectors are started.## Mandatory: no# Range: 256K-2G# Default:# VMwareCacheSize=8M17、VMware的超时时间### Option: VMwareTimeout## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-300# Default:# VMwareTimeout=1018、SNMP日志文件路径### Option: SNMPTrapperFile#       Temporary file used for passing data from SNMP trap daemon to the server.#       Must be the same as in zabbix_trap_receiver.pl or SNMPTT configuration file.## Mandatory: no# Default:# SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmpSNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log19、SNMP协议的陷阱机制，同上### Option: StartSNMPTrapper#       If 1, SNMP trapper process is started.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1# Default:# StartSNMPTrapper=020、SNMP监听地址### Option: ListenIP#       List of comma delimited IP addresses that the trapper should listen on.#       Trapper will listen on all network interfaces if this parameter is missing.## Mandatory: no# Default:# ListenIP=0.0.0.0# ListenIP=127.0.0.121、从数据库中移除过期数据### Option: HousekeepingFrequency#       How often Zabbix will perform housekeeping procedure (in hours).#       Housekeeping is removing outdated information from the database.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-24# Default:# HousekeepingFrequency=122、将上一项中的每一项任务删除### Option: MaxHousekeeperDelete#       [housekeeperid], [tablename], [field], [value].#       will be deleted per one task in one housekeeping cycle.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-1000000# Default:# MaxHousekeeperDelete=500023、对尚未发送的报警信息30秒重发送一次### Option: SenderFrequency#       How often Zabbix will try to send unsent alerts (in seconds).## Mandatory: no# Range: 5-3600# Default:# SenderFrequency=3024、配置缓存大小### Option: CacheSize#       Size of configuration cache, in bytes.#       Shared memory size for storing host, item and trigger data.## Mandatory: no# Range: 128K-8G# Default:# CacheSize=8M25、缓存刷新时间### Option: CacheUpdateFrequency#       How often Zabbix will perform update of configuration cache, in seconds.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600# Default:# CacheUpdateFrequency=6026、数据库同步实例数### Option: StartDBSyncers#       Number of pre-forked instances of DB Syncers.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-100# Default:# StartDBSyncers=427、定义缓存的历史数据大小### Option: HistoryCacheSize#       Size of history cache, in bytes.#       Shared memory size for storing history data.## Mandatory: no# Range: 128K-2G# Default:# HistoryCacheSize=16M28、历史表单的缓存数据大小### Option: HistoryIndexCacheSize#       Size of history index cache, in bytes.#       Shared memory size for indexing history cache.## Mandatory: no# Range: 128K-2G# Default:# HistoryIndexCacheSize=4M29、趋势数据缓存大小### Option: TrendCacheSize## Mandatory: no# Range: 128K-2G# Default:# TrendCacheSize=4M30、用于缓存历史数据的大小，0为禁用### Option: ValueCacheSize#       Size of history value cache, in bytes.#       Shared memory size for caching item history data requests.#       Setting to 0 disables value cache.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0,128K-64G# Default:# ValueCacheSize=8M31、定义超时时间### Option: Timeout## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-30# Default:# Timeout=3Timeout=432、陷阱机制的超时时间### Option: TrapperTimeout#       Specifies how many seconds trapper may spend processing new data.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-300# Default:# TrapperTimeout=30033、定义主机不可达的超时时间### Option: UnreachablePeriod#       After how many seconds of unreachability treat a host as unavailable.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600# Default:# UnreachablePeriod=4534、在主机不可用期间，定期检查主机的时间### Option: UnavailableDelay#       How often host is checked for availability during the unavailability period, in seconds.# Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600# Default:# UnavailableDelay=6035、在主机被监控期间检查的时间### Option: UnreachableDelay#       How often host is checked for availability during the unreachability period, in seconds.# Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600# Default:# UnreachableDelay=1536、自定义报警脚本的路径，默认值取决于编译选项### Option: AlertScriptsPath#       Full path to location of custom alert scripts.#       Default depends on compilation options.## Mandatory: no# Default:# AlertScriptsPath=${datadir}/zabbix/alertscriptsAlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts37、外部脚本的路径，默认值取决于编译选项### Option: ExternalScripts#       Full path to location of external scripts.#       Default depends on compilation options.## Mandatory: no# Default:# ExternalScripts=${datadir}/zabbix/externalscriptsExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts38、执行ping检查时fping命令路径，fping可并行执行### Option: FpingLocation#       Location of fping.#       Make sure that fping binary has root ownership and SUID flag set.## Mandatory: no# Default:# FpingLocation=/usr/sbin/fping39、V6### Option: Fping6Location#       Location of fping6.#       Make sure that fping6 binary has root ownership and SUID flag set.#       Make empty if your fping utility is capable to process IPv6 addresses.## Mandatory: no# Default:# Fping6Location=/usr/sbin/fping640、使用密钥为SSH登录认证### Option: SSHKeyLocation#       Location of public and private keys for SSH checks and actions.## Mandatory: no# Default:# SSHKeyLocation=41、数据库查询时间，0为不登录慢速查询### Option: LogSlowQueries#       How long a database query may take before being logged (in milliseconds).#       Only works if DebugLevel set to 3, 4 or 5.#       0 - don't log slow queries.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600000# Default:# LogSlowQueries=0LogSlowQueries=300042、临时目录### Option: TmpDir#       Temporary directory.## Mandatory: no# Default:# TmpDir=/tmp43、代理服务器拉取数据### Option: StartProxyPollers#       Number of pre-forked instances of pollers for passive proxies.## Mandatory: no# Range: 0-250# Default:# StartProxyPollers=144、用于被动模式的proxy，由sercer端发送配置信息### Option: ProxyConfigFrequency#       How often Zabbix Server sends configuration data to a Zabbix Proxy in seconds.#       This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600*24*7# Default:# ProxyConfigFrequency=360045、用于被动模式的proxy，由sercer端拉取数据### Option: ProxyDataFrequency#       How often Zabbix Server requests history data from a Zabbix Proxy in seconds.#       This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode.## Mandatory: no# Range: 1-3600# Default:# ProxyDataFrequency=146、禁止root用户运行zabbix，0为禁止### Option: AllowRoot#       Allow the server to run as 'root'. If disabled and the server is started by 'root', the server#       will try to switch to the user specified by the User configuration option instead.#       Has no effect if started under a regular user.#       0 - do not allow#    1 - allow## Mandatory: no# Default:# AllowRoot=047、禁止root用户后使用的普通用户### Option: User#       Drop privileges to a specific, existing user on the system.#       Only has effect if run as 'root' and AllowRoot is disabled.## Mandatory: no# Default:# User=zabbix48、yum安装zabbix时创建的目录### Option: Include#       You may include individual files or all files in a directory in the configuration file.#       Installing Zabbix will create include directory in /usr/local/etc, unless modified during the compile time.## Mandatory: no# Default:# Include=# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf49、web监测时所用SSL协议证书路径### Option: SSLCertLocation#       Location of SSL client certificates.#       This parameter is used only in web monitoring.## Mandatory: no# Default:# SSLCertLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/certs50、web监测时所用SSL协议密钥路径### Option: SSLKeyLocation#       Location of private keys for SSL client certificates.#       This parameter is used only in web monitoring.## Mandatory: no# Default:# SSLKeyLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/keys51、web监测或SMTP身份认证### Option: SSLCALocation#       If not set, system-wide directory will be used.#       This parameter is used only in web monitoring and SMTP authentication.## Mandatory: no# Default:# SSLCALocation=####### LOADABLE MODULES #######52、模块路径### Option: LoadModulePath#       Full path to location of server modules.#       Default depends on compilation options.## Mandatory: no# Default:# LoadModulePath=${libdir}/modules53、模块支持库的路径### Option: LoadModule#       Format: LoadModule=#       The modules must be located in directory specified by LoadModulePath.#       It is allowed to include multiple LoadModule parameters.## Mandatory: no# Default:# LoadModule=54、CA证书的路径### Option: TLSCAFile#       Full pathname of a file containing the top-level CA(s) certificates for#       peer certificate verification.## Mandatory: no# Default:# TLSCAFile=55、吊销证书的路径### Option: TLSCRLFile#       Full pathname of a file containing revoked certificates.## Mandatory: no# Default:# TLSCRLFile=56、服务器证书文件### Option: TLSCertFile#       Full pathname of a file containing the server certificate or certificate chain.## Mandatory: no# Default:# TLSCertFile=57、服务器密钥文件### Option: TLSKeyFile#       Full pathname of a file containing the server private key.## Mandatory: no# Default:# TLSKeyFile=

一般情况下，脚本路径可更改使用外，其余高级配置默认即可；如有需要，可自行更改配置。

3.7 启动zabbix-server

[root@node7 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-server

4、配置php，并启动httpd服务

[root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai[root@node7 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service此时确认iptanles规则放行或禁用，并关闭selinux

5、配置agent端，最少指出其server端地址，server端可配置多个

[root@node7 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.20

6、登录web界面http://192.168.1.20/zabbix，初始用户名密码admin/zabbix，看到如下界面，即配置成功

6.1 配置zabbix-web连接数据库

6.2 成功登录

如有错误，敬请指正。