怎么怎么CentOS 7.4 64位系统中安装MySQL8.0

怎么怎么CentOS 7.4 64位系统中安装MySQL8.0？很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。

第一步：获取mysql YUM源

点击下载

第二步：下载和安装mysql源

•进入mysql文件夹，没有的自行创建

[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

•下载源安装包

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm--2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpmResolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]Saving to: 'mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - 'mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820][root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# lltotal 28-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

•安装mysql源

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

第三步：在线安装MySQL

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

下载东西比较多，等几分钟。

第四步：启动Mysql服务

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

第五步：设置开机启动

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload

第六步：修改root本地登录密码

mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个临时的默认密码。用grep命令搜一下

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw
这里有三条搜索结果，因为我重复装了3次MySQL，如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
•登录MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 8Server version: 8.0.12Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>
•更改root账户临时密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql>
Pwd123@easyoh.net 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合，至少8位)
第七步：创建新用户、授权、远程登录（不要直接使用root账户登录）
•创建easyoh-mp用户并且授权远程登录
mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql>
•在sqlyog客户端用easyoh-mp账户登录（其他客户端也可以，随意）
发现会报plugin caching_sha2_password错误。这是因为MySQL8.0密码策略默认为caching_sha2_password。与5.7有所不同。
•进入MySQL数据库查询user表信息
mysql> use mysql;Database changedmysql> select user,host,plugin from user;+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+| user  | host | plugin  |+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+| easyoh-mp | %  | caching_sha2_password || mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password || mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password || mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password || root  | localhost | caching_sha2_password |+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>
发现确实是caching_sha2_password
•依次执行下面语句
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql>
再次登录就可以登录成功了。
第8步：编码
mysql> show variables like '%character%';+--------------------------+--------------------------------+| Variable_name  | Value    |+--------------------------+--------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8mb4   || character_set_connection | utf8mb4   || character_set_database | utf8mb4   || character_set_filesystem | binary    || character_set_results | utf8mb4   || character_set_server | utf8mb4   || character_set_system | utf8    || character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |+--------------------------+--------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql>
MySQL8.0默认就是utf8mb4编码，无需更改。
OK 至此 Mysql安装配置完毕；
全流程操作记录
[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]# [root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm--2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpmResolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]Saving to: 'mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - 'mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820][root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# lltotal 28-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksExamining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarchMarking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installedResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package       Arch     Version    Repository        Size=================================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing: mysql80-community-release    noarch    el7-1     /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch    31 kTransaction Summary=================================================================================================================================================================================================================Install 1 PackageTotal size: 31 kInstalled size: 31 kDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transactionWarning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                   1/1  Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                   1/1 Installed: mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1                     Complete![root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-serverLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfileepel                         12641/12641Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package       Arch     Version      Repository      Size=================================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing: mysql-community-server     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     349 MInstalling for dependencies: mysql-community-client     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     26 M mysql-community-common     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     541 k mysql-community-libs     x86_64     8.0.12-1.el7     mysql80-community     2.2 MTransaction Summary=================================================================================================================================================================================================================Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)Total download size: 377 MInstalled size: 1.7 GDownloading packages:(1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 541 kB 00:00:05 (2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 26 MB 00:00:12 (3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 349 MB 00:02:26 (4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 | 2.2 MB 00:03:37 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total                      1.7 MB/s | 377 MB 00:03:43 Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   1/4  Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   2/4  Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   3/4  Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   4/4  Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   1/4  Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   2/4  Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   3/4  Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                   4/4 Installed: mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                     Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7    mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7    mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7    Complete![root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> use mysql;Database changedmysql> select user,host,plugin from user;+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+| user  | host | plugin  |+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+| easyoh-mp | %  | caching_sha2_password || mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password || mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password || mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password || root  | localhost | caching_sha2_password |+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> show variables like '%character%';+--------------------------+--------------------------------+| Variable_name  | Value    |+--------------------------+--------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8mb4   || character_set_connection | utf8mb4   || character_set_database | utf8mb4   || character_set_filesystem | binary    || character_set_results | utf8mb4   || character_set_server | utf8mb4   || character_set_system | utf8    || character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |+--------------------------+--------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：
原因是因为MySQL有密码设置的规范，具体是与validate_password_policy的值有关：
MySQL完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';+--------------------------------------+-------+| Variable_name   | Value |+--------------------------------------+-------+| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF || validate_password_dictionary_file | || validate_password_length  | 4 || validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 || validate_password_number_count | 1 || validate_password_policy  | LOW || validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |+--------------------------------------+-------+7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
密码的长度是由validate_password_length决定的，而validate_password_length的计算公式是：
validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
我的是已经修改过的，初始情况下第一个的值是ON，validate_password_length是8。可以通过如下命令修改：
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
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