Ubuntu16.04环境下搭建FTP服务器的案例

这篇文章主要介绍Ubuntu16.04环境下搭建FTP服务器的案例，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

Ubuntu16.04搭建FTP服务器

安装ftp

安装ftp:

sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install vsftpd

检查ftp是否安装：

vsftpd --version

更改配置文件

注意使用sudo命令获得root权限
打开配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.conf

做如下更改：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf## The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.## READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's# capabilities.### Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone# daemon started from an initscript.listen=NO## This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration# files.listen_ipv6=YES## Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).anonymous_enable=NO## Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.local_enable=YES## Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.write_enable=YES## Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)local_umask=022## Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.#anon_upload_enable=YES## Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create# new directories.#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES## Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they# go into a certain directory.dirmessage_enable=YES## If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this# option.use_localtime=YES## Activate logging of uploads/downloads.xferlog_enable=YES## Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).connect_from_port_20=YES## If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not# recommended!#chown_uploads=YES#chown_username=whoever## You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown# below.xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log## If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.xferlog_std_format=YES## You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.#idle_session_timeout=600## You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.#data_connection_timeout=120## It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.#nopriv_user=ftpsecure## Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,# however, may confuse older FTP clients.#async_abor_enable=YES## By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the# raw file.# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.#ascii_upload_enable=YES#ascii_download_enable=YES## You may fully customise the login banner string:ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.## You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.#deny_email_enable=YES# (default follows)#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails## You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or# chroot_list_enable below.#chroot_local_user=YES## You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of# users to NOT chroot().# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the# chroot)chroot_local_user=YESchroot_list_enable=YES# (default follows)chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list## You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.#ls_recurse_enable=YES## Customization## Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by# default.## This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem# access.secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty## This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.pam_service_name=ftp## This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL# encrypted connections.rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemrsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyssl_enable=NO## Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.utf8_filesystem=YES

退出编辑模式后，使用:wq保存退出vim.

创建ftp用户

此处的操作需要使用root权限，若操作被拒绝，使用sudo：

sudo mkdir /home/ftpdirsudo useradd ftpdir -d /home/ftpdir -msudo passwd ftpdirsudo mkdir /home/ftpdir/ftpsudo chmod 777 -R /home/ftpdir/ftpusermod -s /sbin/nologin ftpdir

配置完成后，添加用户：

sudo vim /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

将ftpdir添加在文件中。

ftpdir

到此为止，整个ftp的搭建过程就完成了，接下来就是关于如何去使用了。

启动或者重启ftp

启动或者重启ftp:

service vsftpd startservice vsftpd restart

查看ftp状态：

service vsftpd status

若要关闭ftp服务,可以使用如下命令：

service vsftpd stop

查看服务器ip

打开命令端

robot@robot:~$ ifconfigenp4s0f2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 74:d0:2b:ec:fa:f9    UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1   RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0   TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0   collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000    RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)lo  Link encap:Local Loopback    inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0   inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host   UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1   RX packets:12840 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0   TX packets:12840 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0   collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000    RX bytes:1174976 (1.1 MB) TX bytes:1174976 (1.1 MB)wlp3s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 24:fd:52:85:42:0c    inet addr:192.168.1.110 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0   inet6 addr: fe80::c13c:b38e:69c7:cdf2/64 Scope:Link   UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1   RX packets:99764 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0   TX packets:95225 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0   collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000    RX bytes:98718687 (98.7 MB) TX bytes:14326894 (14.3 MB)

由于此处连接的是wifi，因此在wlp3s0这里找到对应的ip地址为192.168.1.110（如果连接网线则在第一段找ip,每台电脑的配置都不一样，可根据实际情况考虑）

登陆

使用filezilla或者打开文件管理器输入ftp://ipaddress

打开计算机，输入服务器的ip地址ftp://192.168.1.110

输入用户名和密码，此处使用的用户名为ftpdir，密码为123456

最后就可以看到服务器上的创建的文件夹了。

ubuntu上文件位置

在完成ftp服务器的搭建和测试工作后，文件存放在服务哪里呢，怎么找到这些文件？
在创建用户那一节，在/home目录这里创建了ftpdir文件夹，ftpdir文件夹里创建了一个可读可写的文件夹ftp，在之后的文件传输中，可以切换到ftp文件夹中寻找文件，此处操作需要使用sudo获取权限。

robot@robot:~$ cd /home/ftpdir/ftprobot@robot:/home/ftpdir/ftp$ ls魔方.zip

以上是"Ubuntu16.04环境下搭建FTP服务器的案例"这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！希望分享的内容对大家有帮助，更多相关知识，欢迎关注行业资讯频道！