SuSE11安装MySQL5.7.22：RPM安装方式

摘要：SuSE11sp3 64位操作系统、 MySQL5.7.22 rpm安装包

5.7版本与先前版本安装有所区别，需要注意

注：kingtry是我的主机名

一、环境准备

操作系统：SuSE版本11sp3，64位

kingtry:~ # uname -aLinux kingtry 3.0.76-0.11-default #1 SMP Fri Jun 14 08:21:43 UTC 2013 (ccab990) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linuxkingtry:~ # cat /etc/SuSE-release SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)VERSION = 11PATCHLEVEL = 3

二、检测是否安装过MySQL

我的电脑上显示以前安装过5.1.73版本的mysql，这个显示信息与实际情况相关。

kingtry:~ # rpm -qa | grep -i  mysqllibmysqlclient_r15-5.0.96-0.6.1libqt4-sql-mysql-4.6.3-5.25.4MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11

注意输出的MySQL-*，表示已经安装过。lib开头的可以忽略。

输入以下命令删除：

kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11

三、软件准备

mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm

四、安装软件

注：4个rpm安装包，有依赖关系，按照以下顺序分别安装即可。

kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpmkingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpmkingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm

如果想查询rpm包详细的安装文件列表及每个文件的实际存储路径，可通过命令rpm -ql来查询，如：

kingtry:~ # rpm -ql mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11/usr/bin/mysql/usr/bin/mysql_config_editor/usr/bin/mysqladmin/usr/bin/mysqlbinlog/usr/bin/mysqlcheck/usr/bin/mysqldump/usr/bin/mysqlimport/usr/bin/mysqlpump/usr/bin/mysqlshow/usr/bin/mysqlslap/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/COPYING/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/README/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config_editor.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlpump.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz

五、修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf

软件安装之后自动生成/etc/my.cnf文件，实际生成文件内容比较简单，下面是我修改之后的

# For advice on how to change settings please see# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html [client]#password = your_passwordport = 3306socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=utf8# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server[mysqld]port = 3306datadir = /data/mysql/datatmpdir = /data/mysql/tmpsocket = /data/mysql/mysql.sockcharacter-set-server = utf8collation-server = utf8_general_cipid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.piduser = mysql  explicit_defaults_for_timestamplower_case_table_names = 1max_connections = 1000back_log = 1024open_files_limit = 10240table_open_cache = 5120  #bind-address = 127.0.0.1  #skip-name-resolveskip-external-lockinglocal-infile = 1  key_buffer_size = 32Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 64sort_buffer_size = 512Knet_buffer_length = 8Kread_buffer_size = 256Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M  # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!# #skip-networking  # Replication Master Server (default)# binary logging is required for replicationlog-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin  # binary logging format - mixed recommendedbinlog_format = mixed  # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set# but will not function as a master if omittedserver-id = 1  # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)## To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between# two methods :## 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -#    the syntax is:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,#    MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;##    where you replace , ,  by quoted strings and#     by the master's port number (3306 by default).##    Example:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';## OR## 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)## required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1# (and different from the master)# defaults to 2 if master-host is set# but will not function as a slave if omitted#server-id       = 2## The replication master for this slave - required#master-host     =   ## The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting# to the master - required#master-user     =   ## The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to# the master - required#master-password =   ## The port the master is listening on.# optional - defaults to 3306#master-port     =  ## binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended#log-bin=mysql-bin  # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysqlinnodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too highinnodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size#innodb_log_file_size = 5M#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2innodb_read_io_threads = 8innodb_write_io_threads = 8innodb_purge_threads = 1  slow_query_log = 1long_query_time = 10log-queries-not-using-indexes  log-error = /data/mysql/mysql.err  expire-logs-days = 10  [mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 512Mnet_buffer_length = 16384  [mysql]auto-rehash# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL#safe-updates  [myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 20Msort_buffer_size = 20Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M  [mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout

六、初始化数据库

注：5.7版本的rpm包安装之后默认不再创建数据库，mysql服务也不会自动启动。但是它还是自动增加了系统用户mysql。

kingtry:~ # mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,tmp}       #创建存放数据文件目录，data与tmp之间不能为空格kingtry:~ # chown -R mysql /data/mysql      kingtry:~ # mysqld --initialize --datadir=/data/mysql/data/ --user=mysql #初始化

初始化成功之后，会将root的默认密码写入文件：/data/mysql/mysql.err 中，如下：

A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: _tVUgaq%P25Q   #这就是root的默认密码

七、启动mysql服务即可

kingtry:~ # service mysql start                                                                                                                                                     doneStarting MySQL.                                                                                                                                                                donekingtry:~ #

检查MySQL服务是否已经启动：

kingtry:~ # netstat -nat | grep 3306

八、安装后配置之root密码修改

root初始密码自动生成，默认存放在/data/mysql/mysql.err 中。修改root密码的方式有以下两种，随便哪个都行：

1、命令方式

kingtry:~ # mysqladmin -u root -p  password 'root123' Enter password:

2、修改库表数据方式

先登陆mysql服务器

mysql>  set password=password('root123')

九、防火墙允许3306端口

kingtry:~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2

在FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP增加3306端口，如果存在其他端口，则空格隔开，如：

FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="21 22 3306"

重启防火墙：

# rcSuSEfirewall2 restart

十、设置远程访问

先登陆mysql服务器，授权root用户可以远程登陆

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>

注：生产环境最好只允许root在特定IP的机器上才能远程访问。

关于RPM安装方式说明：

显面易见的是简单；

但缺点也比较突出：不灵活，通过RPM管理的单个系统中只能安装一套MySQL