golang如何进行简单权限认证

这篇文章给大家分享的是有关golang如何进行简单权限认证的内容。小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，一起跟随小编过来看看吧。

使用JWT进行认证

JSON Web Tokens (JWT) are a more modern approach to authentication.

As the web moves to a greater separation between the client and server, JWT provides a wonderful alternative to traditional cookie based authentication models.

JWTs provide a way for clients to authenticate every request without having to maintain a session or repeatedly pass login credentials to the server.

用户注册之后, 服务器生成一个 JWT token返回给浏览器, 浏览器向服务器请求数据时将 JWT token 发给服务器, 服务器用 signature 中定义的方式解码

JWT 获取用户信息.

一个 JWT token包含3部分:
1 header: 告诉我们使用的算法和 token 类型
2 Payload: 必须使用 sub key 来指定用户 ID, 还可以包括其他信息比如 email, username 等.
3 Signature: 用来保证 JWT 的真实性. 可以使用不同算法

package mainimport (        "encoding/json"        "fmt"        "log"        "net/http"        "strings"        "time"        "github.com/codegangsta/negroni"        "github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go"        "github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/request")const (        SecretKey = "welcome ---------")func fatal(err error) {        if err != nil {                log.Fatal(err)        }}type UserCredentials struct {        Username string `json:"username"`        Password string `json:"password"`}type User struct {        ID       int    `json:"id"`        Name     string `json:"name"`        Username string `json:"username"`        Password string `json:"password"`}type Response struct {        Data string `json:"data"`}type Token struct {        Token string `json:"token"`}func StartServer() {        http.HandleFunc("/login", LoginHandler)        http.Handle("/resource", negroni.New(                negroni.HandlerFunc(ValidateTokenMiddleware),                negroni.Wrap(http.HandlerFunc(ProtectedHandler)),        ))        log.Println("Now listening...")        http.ListenAndServe(":8087", nil)}func main() {        StartServer()}func ProtectedHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {        response := Response{"Gained access to protected resource"}        JsonResponse(response, w)}func LoginHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {        var user UserCredentials        err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&user)        if err != nil {                w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)                fmt.Fprint(w, "Error in request")                return        }        if strings.ToLower(user.Username) != "someone" {                if user.Password != "p@ssword" {                        w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)                        fmt.Println("Error logging in")                        fmt.Fprint(w, "Invalid credentials")                        return                }        }        token := jwt.New(jwt.SigningMethodHS256)        claims := make(jwt.MapClaims)        claims["exp"] = time.Now().Add(time.Hour * time.Duration(1)).Unix()        claims["iat"] = time.Now().Unix()        token.Claims = claims        if err != nil {                w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)                fmt.Fprintln(w, "Error extracting the key")                fatal(err)        }        tokenString, err := token.SignedString([]byte(SecretKey))        if err != nil {                w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)                fmt.Fprintln(w, "Error while signing the token")                fatal(err)        }        response := Token{tokenString}        JsonResponse(response, w)}func ValidateTokenMiddleware(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next http.HandlerFunc) {        token, err := request.ParseFromRequest(r, request.AuthorizationHeaderExtractor,                func(token *jwt.Token) (interface{}, error) {                        return []byte(SecretKey), nil                })        if err == nil {                if token.Valid {                        next(w, r)                } else {                        w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)                        fmt.Fprint(w, "Token is not valid")                }        } else {                w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)                fmt.Fprint(w, "Unauthorized access to this resource")        }}func JsonResponse(response interface{}, w http.ResponseWriter) {        json, err := json.Marshal(response)        if err != nil {                http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)                return        }        w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)        w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")        w.Write(json)}

感谢各位的阅读！关于"golang如何进行简单权限认证"这篇文章就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，让大家可以学到更多知识，如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到吧！