SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc实现分库分表与读写分离

本篇内容主要讲解"SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc实现分库分表与读写分离"，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习"SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc实现分库分表与读写分离"吧!

一、前言

本文将基于以下环境整合sharding-jdbc实现分库分表与读写分离

• springboot2.4.0

• mybatis-plus3.4.3.1

• mysql5.7主从

二、数据库表准备

温馨小提示：此sql执行时，如果之前有存在相应库和表会进行自动删除后再创建！

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds0;CREATE DATABASE ds0;USE ds0;SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for t_user0-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`;CREATE TABLE `t_user0`  (                            `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',                            `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',                            `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',                            `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',                            `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',                            PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用户' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for t_user1-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`;CREATE TABLE `t_user1`  (                            `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',                            `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',                            `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',                            `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',                            `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',                            PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用户' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;-- ===============================================================================================DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds1;CREATE DATABASE ds1;USE ds1;SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for t_user0-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`;CREATE TABLE `t_user0`  (                            `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',                            `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',                            `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',                            `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',                            `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',                            PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用户' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for t_user1-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`;CREATE TABLE `t_user1`  (                            `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',                            `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',                            `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',                            `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',                            `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',                            PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用户' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

三、整合

1、pom中引入依赖

    org.apache.shardingsphere    sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter    4.1.1

2、application.yml配置

spring:  # sharding-jdbc配置  shardingsphere:    # 是否开启SQL显示    props:      sql:        show: true    # ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 数据源配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================    datasource:      names: ds-master-0,ds-slave-0-1,ds-slave-0-2,ds-master-1,ds-slave-1-1,ds-slave-1-2      # ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第1个主从库 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================      # 主库1      ds-master-0:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root      # 主库1-从库1      ds-slave-0-1:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root      # 主库1-从库2      ds-slave-0-2:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root      # ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第2个主从库 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================      # 主库2      ds-master-1:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root      # 主库2-从库1      ds-slave-1-1:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root      # 主库2-从库2      ds-slave-1-2:        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否进行SSL连接 解决则加上 &useSSL=false        username: root        password: root    sharding:      # ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 分库分表配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================      # 分库策略 => 根据user_id取模拆分到不同的库中      default-database-strategy:        inline:          sharding-column: user_id          algorithm-expression: ds-master-$->{user_id % 2}      # 分表策略      tables:        t_user:          actual-data-nodes: ds-master-$->{0..1}.t_user$->{0..1}          key-generator:            column: user_id  # 主键ID            type: SNOWFLAKE  # 生成策略          # 添加数据分表策略          table-strategy:            inline:              # 添加数据分表字段(根据字段插入数据到那个表 ex：sex)              sharding-column: sex              # 分片算法表达式 => 根据用户性别取模拆分到不同的表中              algorithm-expression: t_user$->{sex % 2}      # ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 读写分离配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================      master-slave-rules:        ds-master-0:          # 主库          masterDataSourceName: ds-master-0          # 从库          slaveDataSourceNames:            - ds-slave-0-1            - ds-slave-0-2          # 从库查询数据的负载均衡算法 目前有2种算法 round_robin（轮询）和 random（随机）          # 算法接口 org.apache.shardingsphere.spi.masterslave.MasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm          # 实现类 RandomMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm 和 RoundRobinMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm          loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN        ds-master-1:          masterDataSourceName: ds-master-1          slaveDataSourceNames:            - ds-slave-1-1            - ds-slave-1-2          loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN

3、引入sharding-jdbc后数据源健康配置

解决启动报错问题: ConnectionCallback; isValid; nested exception is java.sql.SQLFeatureNotSupportedException: isValid

原因: springboot2.4数据源健康检查

@Configurationpublic class DataSourceHealthConfig extends DataSourceHealthContributorAutoConfiguration {    @Value("${spring.datasource.dbcp2.validation-query:select 1}")    private String defaultQuery;    public DataSourceHealthConfig(Map dataSources, ObjectProvider metadataProviders) {        super(dataSources, metadataProviders);    }    @Override    protected AbstractHealthIndicator createIndicator(DataSource source) {        DataSourceHealthIndicator indicator = (DataSourceHealthIndicator) super.createIndicator(source);        if (!StringUtils.hasText(indicator.getQuery())) {            indicator.setQuery(defaultQuery);        }        return indicator;    }}

到此配置完成，然后就可以自己编写CRUD进行测试了，配置比较简单，属于入门篇

四、docker-compose部署mysql主从

# 环境准备git clone https://gitee.com/zhengqingya/docker-compose.gitcd docker-compose/Liunx# 运行docker-compose -f docker-compose-mysql-master-slave.yml -p mysql-master-slave up -d

# ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置主库 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ==================# 进入主库docker exec -it mysql_master /bin/bash# 登录mysqlmysql -uroot -proot#  创建用户slave，密码123456CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';# 授予slave用户 `REPLICATION SLAVE`权限和`REPLICATION CLIENT`权限，用于在`主` `从` 数据库之间同步数据GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';# 授予所有权限则执行命令: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';# 使操作生效FLUSH PRIVILEGES;# 查看状态show master status;# 注：File和Position字段的值slave中将会用到，在slave操作完成之前不要操作master，否则将会引起状态变化，即File和Position字段的值变化 !!!# +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+# | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |# +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+# | mysql-bin.000003 |      769 |              |                  |                   |# +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+# 1 row in set (0.00 sec)# ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置从库 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ==================# 进入从库docker exec -it mysql_slave /bin/bash# 登录mysqlmysql -uroot -prootchange master to master_host='www.zhengqingya.com',master_port=3306, master_user='slave', master_password='123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos= 769, master_connect_retry=30;# 开启主从同步过程  【停止命令：stop slave;】start slave;# 查看主从同步状态show slave status \G# Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都是Yes的话，就说明主从同步已经配置好了！# 如果Slave_IO_Running为Connecting，SlaveSQLRunning为Yes，则说明配置有问题，这时候就要检查配置中哪一步出现问题了哦，可根据Last_IO_Error字段信息排错或谷歌…# *************************** 1. row ***************************#                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event#                   Master_Host: www.zhengqingya.com#                   Master_User: slave#                   Master_Port: 3306#                 Connect_Retry: 30#               Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003#           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 769#                Relay_Log_File: c598d8402b43-relay-bin.000002#                 Relay_Log_Pos: 320#         Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003#              Slave_IO_Running: Yes#             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes#               Replicate_Do_DB:

到此，相信大家对"SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc实现分库分表与读写分离"有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！