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在Spring框架中如何集成JPA实例

发表于：2025-02-07 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2025年02月07日，这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关在Spring框架中如何集成JPA实例，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。Hibernate 3.2支持JPA注解，Sprin

千家信息网最后更新 2025年02月07日在Spring框架中如何集成JPA实例

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关在Spring框架中如何集成JPA实例，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

Hibernate 3.2支持JPA注解，Spring集成JPA是可选的。

实体类MyUser，使用JPA注解实现到数据库表myUser的映射，如下所示：

   package org.shirdrn.entity;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.GenerationType;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Transient;

@Entitypublic class MyUser {

private Long id;private String userName;private String password;private String gender;private Integer age;private Integer birthYear;private String addr;private String email;

@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)public Long getId() {return id;}

public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;}

@Column(name="userName")public String getUserName() {return userName;}

public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}

@Column(name="password")public String getPassword() {return password;}

public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}

@Column(name="gender")public String getGender() {return gender;}

public void setGender(String gender) {this.gender = gender;}

@Column(name="age")public Integer getAge() {return age;}

public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}

@Column(name="addr")public String getAddr() {return addr;}

public void setAddr(String addr) {this.addr = addr;}

@Column(name="email")public String getEmail() {return email;}

public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}

@Transientpublic Integer getBirthYear() {return new Integer(2008-age);}

public void setBirthYear(Integer age) {this.birthYear = new Integer(2008-age);}}

其中，birthYear不是数据库中的字段，使用JPA的@Transient注解，在映射的时候，会忽略掉该成员。

持久层DAO接口如下：

   package org.shirdrn.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Transactionalpublic interface MyUserDAO {public void createMyUser(MyUser myUser);public void deleteMyUser(MyUser myUser);public void updateMyUser(MyUser myUser);public List

这里，使用了JPA注解，声明事务。

DAO实现类，如下所示：

    package org.shirdrn.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.shirdrn.dao.MyUserDAO;import org.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;import org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.JpaDaoSupport;

public class MyUserDAOImpl extends JpaDaoSupport implements MyUserDAO {

public void createMyUser(MyUser myUser) {getJpaTemplate().persist(myUser);}

public void deleteMyUser(MyUser myUser) {MyUser dbMyUser = getJpaTemplate().find(MyUser.class, myUser.getId());getJpaTemplate().remove(dbMyUser);}

public void updateMyUser(MyUser myUser) {MyUser dbMyUser = getJpaTemplate().find(MyUser.class, myUser.getId());if(myUser.getUserName() != null){dbMyUser.setUserName(myUser.getUserName());}if(myUser.getAddr() != null){dbMyUser.setAddr(myUser.getAddr());}getJpaTemplate().merge(dbMyUser);}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public List

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public List

因为继承了JpaDaoSupport，索引需要获取一个JpaTemplate来实现访问数据库，在Spring的配置文件中要注入一个org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean。

Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容如下所示：




















abstract="false"lazy-init="default"autowire="default"
dependency-check="default">

在META-INF目录下，还要加一个persistence.xml配置文件，如下所示：


org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence
org.shirdrn.entity.MyUser

接着，对增删改查操作进行测试，如下所示：

插入记录：

   packageorg.shirdrn.test;

importorg.shirdrn.dao.MyUserDAO;importorg.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

publicclassTestCreateMyUser{

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){MyUserDAOmyUserDAO=(MyUserDAO)ctx.getBean("myUserDAOImpl");MyUsermyUser=newMyUser();myUser.setUserName("JohnXa");myUser.setPassword("123456");myUser.setGender("男");myUser.setAge(newInteger(25));myUser.setAddr("NewYork");myUser.setEmail("john@hotmail.com");myUserDAO.createMyUser(myUser);}}

删除记录：

    packageorg.shirdrn.test;

importorg.shirdrn.dao.MyUserDAO;importorg.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;importorg.springframework.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

publicclassTestDeleteMyUser{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){ApplicationContextctx=newClassPathXml("applicationContext.xml");MyUserDAOmyUserDAO=(MyUserDAO)ctx.getBean("myUserDAOImpl");MyUsermyUser=newMyUser();myUser.setId(newLong(29));myUserDAO.deleteMyUser(myUser);

修改记录：

    packageorg.shirdrn.test;

importorg.shirdrn.dao.MyUserDAO;importorg.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;importorg.springframework.context.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

publicclassTestUpdateMyUser{
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
ApplicationContextctx=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
MyUserDAOmyUserDAO=(MyUserDAO)ctx.getBean("myUserDAOImpl");
MyUsermyUser=newMyUser();
myUser.setId(newLong(28));
myUser.setAddr("北京市");
myUserDAO.updateMyUser(myUser);
}
}

查询记录：

   packageorg.shirdrn.test;

importjava.util.List;

importorg.shirdrn.dao.MyUserDAO;importorg.shirdrn.entity.MyUser;importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;importorg.springframework.context.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

publicclassTestQueryAllMyUser{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){ApplicationContextctx=newClassPathXmContext("applicationContext.xml");MyUserDAOmyUserDAO=(MyUserDAO)ctx.getBean("myUserDAOImpl");List

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