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常用SQL语句有哪些

发表于:2024-11-11 作者:千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2024年11月11日,这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关常用SQL语句有哪些,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。说明:以下五十个语句都按照测试数据进行过测试,最好每次只单独运行一个语
千家信息网最后更新 2024年11月11日常用SQL语句有哪些

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关常用SQL语句有哪些,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

说明:以下五十个语句都按照测试数据进行过测试,最好每次只单独运行一个语句。

问题及描述:

--1.学生表

Student(Sid,Sname,Sage,Ssex)--Sid学生编号,Sname学生姓名,Sage出生年月,Ssex
学生性别

--2.课程表

Course(Cid,Cname,Tid)--Cid --课程编号,Cname课程名称,Tid教师编号

--3.教师表

Teacher(Tid,Tname) --Tid
教师编号,Tname 教师姓名

--4.成绩表

SC(Sid,Cid,score) --Sid
学生编号,Cid 课程编号,score分数

*/

--创建测试数据

createtable Student(Sidvarchar(10),Snamenvarchar(10),Sagedatetime,Ssex
nvarchar(10))

insertinto Studentvalues('01'
, N'赵雷' ,
'1990-01-01' , N'男')

insertinto Studentvalues('02'
, N'钱电' ,
'1990-12-21' , N'男')

insertinto Studentvalues('03'
, N'孙风' ,
'1990-05-20' , N'男')

insertinto Studentvalues('04'
, N'李云' ,
'1990-08-06' , N'男')

insertinto Studentvalues('05'
, N'周梅' ,
'1991-12-01' , N'女')

insertinto Studentvalues('06'
, N'吴兰' ,
'1992-03-01' , N'女')

insertinto Studentvalues('07'
, N'郑竹' ,
'1989-07-01' , N'女')

insertinto Studentvalues('08'
, N'王菊' ,
'1990-01-20' , N'女')

createtable Course(Cidvarchar(10),Cnamenvarchar(10),Tidvarchar(10))

insertinto Coursevalues('01'
, N'语文' ,
'02')

insertinto Coursevalues('02'
, N'数学' ,
'01')

insertinto Coursevalues('03'
, N'英语' ,
'03')

createtable Teacher(Tidvarchar(10),Tnamenvarchar(10))

insertinto Teachervalues('01'
, N'张三')

insertinto Teachervalues('02'
, N'李四')

insertinto Teachervalues('03'
, N'王五')

createtable SC(Sidvarchar(10),Cidvarchar(10),scoredecimal(18,1))

insertinto SCvalues('01'
,'01' , 80)

insertinto SCvalues('01'
,'02' , 90)

insertinto SCvalues('01'
,'03' , 99)

insertinto SCvalues('02'
,'01' , 70)

insertinto SCvalues('02'
,'02' , 60)

insertinto SCvalues('02'
,'03' , 80)

insertinto SCvalues('03'
,'01' , 80)

insertinto SCvalues('03'
,'02' , 80)

insertinto SCvalues('03'
,'03' , 80)

insertinto SCvalues('04'
,'01' , 50)

insertinto SCvalues('04'
,'02' , 30)

insertinto SCvalues('04'
,'03' , 20)

insertinto SCvalues('05'
,'01' , 76)

insertinto SCvalues('05'
,'02' , 87)

insertinto SCvalues('06'
,'01' , 31)

insertinto SCvalues('06'
,'03' , 34)

insertinto SCvalues('07'
,'02' , 89)

insertinto SCvalues('07'
,'03' , 98)

go

--1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

思路:课程01(一个记录集合),课程02(一个记录集合),STUDENT表(一个记录集合),包含在这三个记录集合里,并且01分数>02分数的记录。

select*
fromstudent s inner
join(select*
from sc where cid='01') a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
(select*
from sc where cid='02') b

on s.sid=b.sidwherea.score>b.score

select a.*,b.*,c.*fromstudent a
innerjoinsc b

on a.sid=b.sidandb.cid='01'inner
join sc c

on a.sid=c.sidandc.cid='02'where
b.score>c.score

--1.1、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况

思路:课程01(一个记录集合),课程02(一个记录集合),STUDENT表(一个记录集合),包含在这三个记录集合里的记录。

select*
fromstudent s inner
join(select*
from sc where cid='01') a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
(select
* from sc where cid='02') b

on s.sid=b.sidwherea.sid=b.sid

select s.*,a.*,b.*fromstudent s
innerjoinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'inner
joinsc b

on s.sid=b.sidandb.cid='02'

select a.* , b.score[课程'01'的分数],c.score[课程'02'的分数]from
Student a , SC b , SC c

where a.Sid= b.Sid
and a.Sid= c.Sid
and b.Cid='01'and c.Cid='02'and
b.score> c.score

--1.2、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况和存在"01"课程但可能不存在"02"课程的情况(不存在时显示为null)(以下存在相同内容时不再解释)

思路:课程01(一个记录集合),课程02可能有,可能不存在(cid='02' or cid is null),STUDENT表(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'left
join sc b

on s.sid=b.sidand(b.cid='02'or
b.cid is
null) where a.score>isnull(b.score,0)

select a.* , b.score[课程"01"的分数],c.score[课程"02"的分数]from
Student a leftjoin SC b

on a.Sid= b.Sid
and b.Cid='01'leftjoin SC c

on a.Sid= c.Sid
and c.Cid='02'

where b.score>isnull(c.score,0)

--2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'inner
join sc b

on s.sid=b.sidandb.cid='02'where
a.score

--2.1、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况

select a.* , b.score[课程'01'的分数],c.score[课程'02'的分数]from
Student a , SC b , SC c

where a.Sid= b.Sid
and a.Sid= c.Sid
and b.Cid='01'and c.Cid='02'and
b.score< c.score

--2.2、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况和不存在"01"课程但存在"02"课程的情况

select*
fromstudent s left
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidand(a.cid='01'or
a.cid is
null) innerjoin sc b

on s.sid=b.sidandb.cid='02'

select*
fromstudent s inner
join

(select*
from sc where cid='02') aon s.sid=a.sidleft
join

(select*
from sc where
(cid='01'or cid
is null)) b
on s.sid=b.sid

select a.* , b.score[课程"01"的分数],c.score[课程"02"的分数]from
Student a

leftjoin SC bon a.Sid
= b.Sid and b.Cid='01'

leftjoin SC con a.Sid
= c.Sid and c.Cid='02'

whereisnull(b.score,0)<
c.score

--3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

思路:平均成绩大于等于60分(一个记录集合),STUDENT表(一个记录集合)

select s.sid,s.sname,b.[平均成绩]fromstudent
s innerjoin

(select sid,convert(decimal(18,2),avg(score))as
'平均成绩'from sc
group by sid
having avg(score)>=60) b

on s.sid=b.sid

select*
fromstudent s inner
join

(select sid,avg(score)as
avgscore from scgroup
by sid having
avg(score)>=60) a

on s.sid=a.sid

select a.Sid , a.Sname ,cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score

from Student a , sc b

where a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname

havingcast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))>=60

orderby a.Sid

--4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

思路:平均成绩小于60分(一个记录集合),STUDENT(一个记录集合)

select s.sid,s.sname,b.[平均成绩]fromstudent
s innerjoin

(select sid,convert(decimal(18,2),avg(score))as
'平均成绩'from sc
group by sid
having avg(score)>60) b

on s.sid=b.sid

--4.1、查询在sc表存在成绩的学生信息的SQL语句。

思路:STUDENT表(一个记录集合)是否有记录包含在SC表(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
in(select sidfrom sc)

select*
fromstudent s where
exists(select 1from sc a
where s.sid=a.sid)

select a.Sid , a.Sname ,cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score

from Student a , sc b

where a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname

havingcast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))<60

orderby a.Sid

--4.2、查询在sc表中不存在成绩的学生信息的SQL语句。

select
* from student where sid not
in (select distinct sid from sc)

select*
fromstudent s where
notexists(select 1
from sc a where s.sid=a.sid)

select a.Sid , a.Sname ,isnull(cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)
avg_score

from Student aleftjoin sc b

on a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname

havingisnull(cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)<60

orderby a.Sid

--5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

思路:SC表的选课总数、总成绩(一个记录集合),STUDENT表(一个记录集合)

select s.sid,s.sname,a.[选课总数],a.[总成绩]fromstudent
s innerjoin

(select sid,count(*)as
'选课总数',sum(score)as
'总成绩'from sc
group by sid) a

on s.sid=a.sid

select*
fromstudent s inner
join

(select sid,count(cid)as
'课程总数',sum(score)as
'课程总成绩'from sc
group by sid) a

on s.sid=a.sid

select s.sid,s.sname,count(a.cid)as
'课程总数',sum(a.score)as
'课程总成绩'from student s
innerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.sname

--5.1、查询所有有成绩的SQL。

select s.sid,s.sname,a.[选课总数],a.[总成绩]fromstudent
s innerjoin

(select sid,count(*)as
'选课总数',sum(score)as
'总成绩'from sc
group by sid) a

on s.sid=a.sid

select a.Sid[学生编号],
a.Sname[学生姓名],count(b.Cid)
选课总数,sum(score)
[所有课程的总成绩]

from Student a , SC b

where a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid,a.Sname

orderby a.Sid

--5.2、查询所有(包括有成绩和无成绩)的SQL。

select s.sid,s.sname,a.[选课总数],a.[总成绩]fromstudent
s leftjoin

(select sid,count(*)as
'选课总数',sum(score)as
'总成绩'from sc
group by sid) a

on s.sid=a.sid

select*
fromstudent s left
join

(select sid,count(cid)as
'课程总数',sum(score)as
'课程总成绩'from sc
group by sid) a

on s.sid=a.sidorderby
s.sid

select s.sid,s.sname,count(a.cid)as
'课程总数',sum(a.score)as
'课程总成绩'from student s
leftjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.snameorder
by s.sid

select a.Sid[学生编号],
a.Sname[学生姓名],count(b.Cid)
选课总数,sum(score)
[所有课程的总成绩]

from Student aleftjoin SC b

on a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid,a.Sname

orderby a.Sid

--6、查询"李"姓老师的数量

select count(*) as '数量' fromteacher where left(tname,1)='李'

--方法1

selectcount(Tname)["李"姓老师的数量]from
Teacher where Tnamelike N'李%'

--方法2

selectcount(Tname)["李"姓老师的数量]from
Teacher whereleft(Tname,1)=
N'李'

--7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

思路: STUDENT(一个记录集合),张三老师(一个记录集合),张三老师上的课(一个记录集合),张三老师上的课的成绩(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course c

on a.cid=c.cidinnerjoin
teacher t

on c.tid=t.tidwheret.tname='张三'

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)提取上过张三老师课的学生(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
in(

select sidfrom sc a
inner join course b

on a.cid=b.cidinnerjoin
teacher c

on b.tid=c.tidandc.tname='张三')

selectdistinct Student.*from
Student , SC , Course , Teacher

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand Course.Tid
= Teacher.Tid
and Teacher.Tname= N'张三'

orderby Student.Sid

--8☆、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)删除上过张三老师课的学生(一个记录集合)。

select*
fromstudent where sid
notin(
select distinct sid
from sc a inner
join course c

on a.cid=c.cidinnerjoin
teacher t

on c.tid=t.tidwheret.tname='张三')

select m.*from Student mwhere
Sid notin (selectdistinct SC.Sidfrom
SC , Course , Teacherwhere SC.Cid
= Course.Cid
and Course.Tid= Teacher.Tid
and Teacher.Tname
= N'张三')orderby
m.Sid

--9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

思路:上过课程01(一个记录集合),上过课程02(一个记录集合),STUDENT表(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'inner
join sc b

on s.sid=b.sidandb.cid='02'

思路:上过课程01的学生(一个记录集合)并且存在上过课程02的学生(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'and
exists (select 1
from sc bwhere s.sid=b.sidand b.cid='02')

--方法1

select Student.*from Student , SCwhere
Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
='01'andexists (Select1from
SC SC_2 where SC_2.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC_2.Cid
='02')orderby Student.Sid

--方法2

select Student.*from Student , SCwhere
Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
='02'andexists (Select1from
SC SC_2 where SC_2.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC_2.Cid
='01')orderby Student.Sid

--方法3

select m.*from Student mwhere
Sid in

(


select Sid from


(

selectdistinctSidfrom
SC where Cid='01'

unionall

selectdistinctSidfrom
SC where Cid='02'


) t groupby Sidhavingcount(1)=2

)

orderby m.Sid

--10☆、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

思路:上过课程01的学生(一个记录集合)并且不存在上过课程02的学生(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'and
not exists
(select 1from sc b
where s.sid=b.sidand b.cid='02')

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)先提取上过课程01的学生记录(一个记录集合)再排除没上过课程02的学生记录(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
in

(select sidfrom sc
where cid='01')and sid
not in
(

select sidfrom sc
where cid='02')

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidanda.cid='01'where
s.sid not
in (select sidfrom sc
where cid='02')

--方法1

select Student.*from Student , SCwhere
Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
='01'andnotexists (Select1from
SC SC_2where SC_2.Sid
= SC.Sid
and SC_2.Cid='02')orderby
Student.Sid

--方法2

select Student.*from Student , SCwhere
Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
='01'and Student.Sidnotin (Select
SC_2.Sidfrom SC SC_2
where SC_2.Sid
= SC.Sidand SC_2.Cid
='02')orderby Student.Sid

--11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)提取在SC表中课程总数不是全部的学生(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
in

(select sidfrom

(select sid,count(*)as
abc from sc group
by sid havingcount(*)<(selectcount(*)
from course)) t)

该方法只列出有课程分数的学生,一个课程分数也没有的学生不存在第二个记录集合中。

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)排除在SC表中有全部课程分数的学生(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
notin

(select sidfrom

(select sid,count(*)as
abc from sc group
by sid havingcount(*)=(selectcount(*)
from course)) t)

该方法还会列出一个课程分数都没有的学生。

--11.1

select Student.*

from Student , SC

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid

groupby Student.Sid , Student.Sname ,Student.Sage , Student.Ssexhavingcount(Cid)<
(selectcount(Cid)from Course)

--11.2

select Student.*

from Studentleftjoin SC

on Student.Sid= SC.Sid

groupby Student.Sid , Student.Sname ,Student.Sage , Student.Ssexhavingcount(Cid)<
(selectcount(Cid)from Course)

--12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)提取所学课程中至少有一门和学生01所学课程相同(一个记录集合)(也就是课程ID至少有一个存在于学生01的课程ID中)并排除学生01

select*
fromstudent where sid
in

(selectdistinct sid
from scwhere cid
in

(select cidfrom sc
where sid='01')and sid<>'01')

selectdistinct Student.*from
Student , SC where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
in (select Cidfrom SC
where Sid='01')and Student.Sid
<>'01'

--13☆、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)提取所学全部课程ID存在于学生01的课程ID中并且课程总数等于学生01的课程总数(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent where sid
in

(selectdistinct sid
from scwhere cid
in

(select cidfrom sc
where sid='01')and sid<>'01'group
by sid

havingcount(*)=(selectcount(*)
from sc where sid='01'))

select Student.*from Studentwhere
Sid in

(selectdistinct SC.Sidfrom
SC where Sid<>'01'and SC.Cidin
(selectdistinct Cidfrom SC
where Sid='01')

groupby SC.Sidhavingcount(1)=
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Sid='01'))

--14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

思路:从全部学生中(一个记录集合)排除学过老师张三上过的课的学生(一个记录集合)(就是在SC表中有张三老师上过的课的分数)

select*
fromstudent where sid
notin

(selectdistinct a.sid
from sc a inner
join course b

on a.cid=b.cidinnerjoin
teacher c

on b.tid=c.tidwherec.tname='张三')

select student.*from studentwhere
student.Sidnotin

(selectdistinct sc.Sidfrom
sc , course , teacherwhere sc.Cid
= course.Cid
and course.Tid= teacher.Tid
and teacher.tname
= N'张三')

orderby student.Sid

--15☆、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩

思路:全部学生(一个记录集合),两门及以上不及格课程(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
join

(select sid,count(*)as
'不及格课程总数',convert(decimal(18,2),avg(score))as
'平均分数'from sc
where score<60group
by sid having
count(*)>=2) b

on s.sid=b.sid

select s.sid,s.sname,convert(decimal(5,2),avg(a.score))as
average fromstudent sinner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.snamehaving s.sid
in

(select sidfrom

(select sid,count(*)as
times from sc where score<60
groupby sid
having count(*)>=2) t)

select student.Sid ,student.sname ,cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score from student , sc

where student.Sid= SC.Sid
and student.Sid
in (select Sidfrom SC
where score<60groupby
Sidhavingcount(1)>=2)

groupby student.Sid , student.sname

--16、检索"01"课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的学生信息

思路:全部学生(一个记录集合),课程01分数小于60(一个记录集合)

select*
fromstudent s inner
joinsc a

on s.sid=a.sidwherecid='01'and
score<60 order
by score desc

select*
fromstudent s inner
join(select*
from sc where cid='01'and score<60)
a

on s.sid=a.sidorderby
a.score

select student.* , sc.Cid , sc.scorefrom
student , sc

where student.Sid= SC.Sid
and sc.score
<60and sc.Cid='01'

orderby sc.scoredesc

--17☆☆☆、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

思路:全部学生(一个记录集合),全部课程分数和平均分(一个记录集合),两个记录集合进行合并行转列(新的一个记录集合)

select s.sid,s.sname,max(case
b.cname when N'语文'then a.score
else null
end)as
'语文',

max(case b.cnamewhen
N'数学'then a.score
else null
end)as
'数学',

max(case b.cnamewhen
N'英语'then a.score
else null
end)as
'英语',

convert(decimal(18,2),avg(a.score))as
'平均成绩'

from student sleft
join sc a

on s.sid=a.sidleftjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cidgroupby
s.sid,s.sname

orderby [平均成绩]desc

--17.1 SQL 2000静态

select a.Sid学生编号 , a.Sname学生姓名
,

max(case c.Cnamewhen
N'语文'then b.score
elsenullend)[语文],

max(case c.Cnamewhen
N'数学'then b.score
elsenullend)[数学],

max(case c.Cnamewhen
N'英语'then b.score
elsenullend)[英语],

cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))平均分

from Student a

leftjoin SC bon a.Sid
= b.Sid

leftjoin Course con b.Cid
= c.Cid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname

orderby平均分desc

--17.2 SQL 2000动态

declare@sqlnvarchar(4000)

set@sql='select a.Sid '+
N'学生编号'+' , a.Sname '+
N'学生姓名'

select@sql=@sql+',max(case
c.Cname when N'''+Cname+''' then b.score else null end) ['+Cname+']'

from (selectdistinct Cnamefrom
Course) as t

set@sql=@sql+' , cast(avg(b.score)
as decimal(18,2))'+ N'平均分'+'
from Student a left join SC b on a.Sid= b.Sid left join Course c on b.Cid = c.Cid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname order by '+ N'平均分'+'
desc'

exec(@sql)

--17.3有关sql2005的动静态写法参见我的文章《普通行列转换(version 2.0)》或《普通行列转换(version
3.0)》。

--18☆☆☆☆☆、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率

--及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90

思路:SC表和COURSE表联合查询,每一个字段要求都可以看作是一个子查询,一个一个子查询单独做出来后,再拼接在一起。

select b.cid,b.cname,max(score)as
'最高分',min(score)as
'最低分',convert(decimal(5,2),avg(score))as
'平均分',

convert(varchar,convert(decimal(5,2),convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=60then 1
else null
end))/count(1)*100))+'%'as
'及格率',

convert(varchar,convert(decimal(5,2),convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=70and a.score<80then 1
else null
end))/count(1)*100))+'%'as
'中等率',

convert(varchar,convert(decimal(5,2),convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=80and a.score<90then 1
else null
end))/count(1)*100))+'%'as
'优良率',

convert(varchar,convert(decimal(5,2),convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=90then 1
else null
end))/count(1)*100))+'%'as
'优秀率'

from sc ainner
join course bon a.cid=b.cidgroup
by b.cid,b.cname

--方法1

select m.Cid[课程编号],
m.Cname[课程名称],


max(n.score)
[最高分],


min(n.score)
[最低分],


cast(avg(n.score)asdecimal(18,2))[平均分],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=60)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[及格率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=70and score<80
)*100.0/ (selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[中等率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=80and score<90
)*100.0/ (selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[优良率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=90)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[优秀率(%)]

from Course m , SC n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupby m.Cid , m.Cname

orderby m.Cid

--方法2

select m.Cid[课程编号],
m.Cname[课程名称],

(selectmax(score)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
[最高分],


(selectmin(score)from SCwhere Cid
= m.Cid)
[最低分],


(selectcast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2))from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
[平均分],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=60)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[及格率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=70and score<80
)*100.0/ (selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[中等率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=80and score<90
)*100.0/ (selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[优良率(%)],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=90)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[优秀率(%)]

from Course m

orderby m.Cid

--19、按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名

思路:利用over(partition by字段名order by
字段名)函数。

正常排序:1,2,3

select row_number()over(partitionby
cid order by cid,score
desc)as sort,*
from sc

合并重复不保留空缺:1,1,2,3

select dense_rank()over(partitionby
cid order by cid,score
desc)as sort,*
from sc

合并重复保留空缺:1,1,3

select rank() over(partitionby cid order by cid,score desc) as sort,*
from sc

--19.1 sql 2000用子查询完成

--Score重复时保留名次空缺

select t.* , px=
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= t.Cid
and score> t.score)
+1from sc torderby
t.cid , px

--Score重复时合并名次

select t.* , px=
(selectcount(distinct score)from
SC where Cid= t.Cid
and score>= t.score)
from sc t
orderby t.cid , px

--19.2sql 2005用rank,DENSE_RANK完成

--Score重复时保留名次空缺(rank完成)

select t.* , px=
rank() over(partition
by cidorderby scoredesc)
from sc torderby t.Cid , px

--Score重复时合并名次(DENSE_RANK完成)

select t.* , px=
DENSE_RANK() over(partition
by cidorderby scoredesc)
from sc torderby t.Cid , px

--20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名

思路:所有学生的总成绩(一个记录集合),再使用函数进行排序。

select rank()over(orderby
sum(a.score)desc)
as ranking,s.sid,s.sname,sum(a.score)as
'总成绩'from student s
innerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.sname

这个查询只能查询到有成绩的7名学生。

select dense_rank()over(orderby
isnull(sum(a.score),0)desc)
as ranking,s.sid,s.sname,

isnull(sum(a.score),0)as
'总成绩'

from student sleft
join sc a on s.sid=a.sidgroup
by s.sid,s.sname

用了leftjoin就可以查询到所有的8名学生了,包括没有成绩的1名学生。

--20.1查询学生的总成绩

select m.Sid[学生编号]
,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]

from Student mleftjoin SC non
m.Sid = n.Sid

groupby m.Sid , m.Sname

orderby[总成绩]desc

--20.2查询学生的总成绩并进行排名,sql 2000用子查询完成,分总分重复时保留名次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。

select t1.* , px=
(selectcount(1)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t2where总成绩>
t1.总成绩)+1from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t1

orderby px

select t1.* , px=
(selectcount(distinct总成绩)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t2where总成绩>=
t1.总成绩)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t1

orderby px

--20.3查询学生的总成绩并进行排名,sql 2005用rank,DENSE_RANK完成,分总分重复时保留名次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。

select t.* , px=
rank() over(orderby[总成绩]desc)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t

orderby px

select t.* , px=
DENSE_RANK() over(orderby[总成绩]desc)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(sum(score),0)[总成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t

orderby px

--21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示

思路:不同老师所教不同课程的平均分(一个记录集合),再使用函数over(order by字段名)

select rank()over(orderby
convert(decimal(5,2),avg(score))desc)
as ranking,c.tid,c.tname,b.cid,b.cname,

convert(decimal(5,2),avg(score))as
'平均分'from sc a

innerjoin course b
on a.cid=b.cidinner
join teacher con b.tid=c.tidgroup
by c.tid,c.tname,b.cid,b.cname

select m.Tid , m.Tname ,cast(avg(o.score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score

from Teacher m , Course n , SCo

where m.Tid= n.Tid
and n.Cid= o.Cid

groupby m.Tid , m.Tname

orderby avg_scoredesc

--22☆、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩

思路:所有课程成绩的学生及课程信息(一个记录集合),再利用函数排序(一个记录集合),选择第2名和第3名的记录。

;with abc as

(select row_number() over(partition by a.cidorder by a.score
desc)as ranking,s.sid,s.sname,a.cid,b.cname,

a.score from student sinner
join sc a on s.sid=a.sidinner
join course b on a.cid=b.cid)

select
* from abc where ranking in
(2,3)

select
* from

(select row_number() over(partition by a.cidorder by a.score
desc)as ranking,s.sid,s.sname,a.cid,b.cname,

a.score from student sinner
join sc a on s.sid=a.sidinner
join course b on a.cid=b.cid) t

where t.rankingin(2,3)

--22.1 sql 2000用子查询完成

--Score重复时保留名次空缺

select*from (select
t.* , px
= (selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= t.Cid
and score> t.score)
+1from sc t) mwhere px
between2and3orderby
m.cid , m.px

--Score重复时合并名次

select*from (select
t.* , px
= (selectcount(distinct score)from
SC where Cid= t.Cid
and score>= t.score)
from sc t) m
where pxbetween2and3orderby
m.cid , m.px

--22.2 sql 2005用rank,DENSE_RANK完成

--Score重复时保留名次空缺(rank完成)

select*from (select
t.* , px
= rank() over(partitionby cid
orderby scoredesc)
from sc t) mwhere px
between2and3orderby
m.Cid , m.px

--Score重复时合并名次(DENSE_RANK完成)

select*from (select
t.* , px
= DENSE_RANK() over(partitionby cid
orderby scoredesc)
from sc t) mwhere px
between2and3orderby
m.Cid , m.px

--23☆☆☆、统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比

思路:SC表和COURSE表联合查询(一个记录集合),然后每个字段都看做是一个子查询,最后将这些子查询拼接起来。

select b.cidas
'课程编号',b.cnameas
'课程名称',

count(1)as'总人数',

count(casewhen a.score<60then
1 else null
end) as
'不及格人数',

convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=0and a.score<60then 1
else null
end)*100/count(1))as
'不及格率%',

count(casewhen a.score>=60and
a.score<70then 1
else null
end) as
'及格人数',

convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=60and a.score<70then 1
else null
end)*100/count(1))as
'及格率%',

count(casewhen a.score>=70and
a.score<85then 1
else null
end) as
'优良人数',

convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=70and a.score<85then 1
else null
end)*100/count(1))as
'优良率%',

count(casewhen a.score>=85then
1 else null
end) as
'优秀人数',

convert(decimal(5,2),count(casewhen
a.score>=85then 1
else null
end)*100/count(1))as
'优秀率%'

from sc ainner
join course bon a.cid=b.cidgroup
by b.cid,b.cname

以上方法为横向显示。

select b.cidas
'课程编号',b.cnameas
'课程名称',(casewhen score<60
then '0-59'

when score>=60
and score<70
then'60-69'

when score>=70
and score<85
then'70-85'

else
'85-100' end)
as '分数段',

count(1)as'人数',

convert(decimal(18,2),count(1)*100/(selectcount(1)from
sc where cid=b.cid))as
'百分比'

from sc ainner
join course bon a.cid=b.cidgroup
by all b.cid,b.cname,(casewhen
score<60 then
'0-59'

when score>=60
and score<70
then'60-69'

when score>=70
and score<85
then'70-85'

else
'85-100' end)

orderby b.cid,b.cname,'分数段'

以上方法为纵向显示,但为0的就不显示了。

--23.1统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]

--横向显示

select Course.Cid[课程编号]
, Cnameas[课程名称] ,


sum(casewhen score>=85then1else0end)[85-100],


sum(casewhen score>=70and
score<85then1else0end)[70-85],


sum(casewhen score>=60and
score<70then1else0end)[60-70],


sum(casewhen score<60then1else0end)[0-60]

from sc , Course

where SC.Cid= Course.Cid

groupby Course.Cid , Course.Cname

orderby Course.Cid

--纵向显示1(显示存在的分数段)

select m.Cid[课程编号]
, m.Cname[课程名称] ,分数段=
(


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end) ,


count(1)数量

from Course m , sc n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupby m.Cid , m.Cname , (


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end)

orderby m.Cid , m.Cname ,分数段

--纵向显示2(显示存在的分数段,不存在的分数段用0显示)

select m.Cid[课程编号]
, m.Cname[课程名称] ,分数段=
(


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end) ,


count(1)数量

from Course m , sc n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupbyall m.Cid , m.Cname , (


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end)

orderby m.Cid , m.Cname ,分数段

--23.2统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[<60]及所占百分比

--横向显示

select m.Cid课程编号, m.Cname课程名称,

(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score<60)[0-60],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score<60)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)],


(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=60and score<70)[60-70],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=60and score<70)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)],


(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=70and score<85)[70-85],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=70and score<85)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)],

(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=85)[85-100],


cast((selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid
and score>=85)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
SC where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)]

from Course m

orderby m.Cid

--纵向显示1(显示存在的分数段)

select m.Cid[课程编号]
, m.Cname[课程名称] ,分数段=
(


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end) ,


count(1)数量
,


cast(count(1)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
sc where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)]

from Course m , sc n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupby m.Cid , m.Cname , (


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end)

orderby m.Cid , m.Cname ,分数段

--纵向显示2(显示存在的分数段,不存在的分数段用0显示)

select m.Cid[课程编号]
, m.Cname[课程名称] ,分数段=
(


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end) ,


count(1)数量
,


cast(count(1)*100.0/
(selectcount(1)from
sc where Cid= m.Cid)
asdecimal(18,2))[百分比(%)]

from Course m , sc n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupbyall m.Cid , m.Cname , (


casewhenn.score>=85then'85-100'

when n.score
>=70and n.score<85then'70-85'

when n.score
>=60and n.score<70then'60-70'

else'0-60'


end)

orderby m.Cid , m.Cname ,分数段

--24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次

思路:所有学生的平均成绩(一个记录集合),再使用函数进行排序。

select s.sid,s.sname,row_number()over(orderby
avg(score)desc)
as ranking,convert(decimal(18,2),

avg(score))as
'平均成绩'from student s
innerjoin sc a
on s.sid=a.sidgroup
by s.sid,s.sname

只显示有成绩的学生。

select s.sid,s.sname,row_number()over(orderby
avg(score)desc)
as ranking,convert(decimal(18,2),

avg(score))as
'平均成绩'from student s
leftjoin sc a
on s.sid=a.sidgroup
by s.sid,s.sname

显示所有学生。

--24.1查询学生的平均成绩并进行排名,sql 2000用子查询完成,分平均成绩重复时保留名次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。

select t1.* , px=
(selectcount(1)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t2where平均成绩>
t1.平均成绩)+1from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t1

orderby px

select t1.* , px=
(selectcount(distinct平均成绩)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t2where平均成绩>=
t1.平均成绩)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t1

orderby px

--24.2查询学生的平均成绩并进行排名,sql 2005用rank,DENSE_RANK完成,分平均成绩重复时保留名次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。

select t.* , px=
rank() over(orderby[平均成绩]desc)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t

orderby px

select t.* , px=
DENSE_RANK() over(orderby[平均成绩]desc)from

(


select m.Sid [学生编号] ,

m.Sname
[学生姓名] ,

isnull(cast(avg(score)asdecimal(18,2)),0)[平均成绩]


from Student m leftjoin SC non m.Sid=
n.Sid


groupby m.Sid, m.Sname

)t

orderby px


--25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录

思路:各学科成绩排序(一个记录集合),再取前3。

select
* from

(select row_number() over(partition by a.cidorder by a.score
desc)as ranking,

s.sid,s.sname,a.score from student sinnerjoin
sc a on s.sid=a.sid) t where rankingin
(1,2,3)

--25.1分数重复时保留名次空缺

select m.* , n.Cid , n.scorefrom
Student m, SC nwhere m.Sid
= n.Sid and n.scorein

(selecttop3 scorefrom
sc where Cid= n.Cid
orderby scoredesc)
orderby n.Cid , n.scoredesc

--25.2分数重复时不保留名次空缺,合并名次

--sql 2000用子查询实现

select*from (select
t.* , px
= (selectcount(distinct score)from
SC where Cid= t.Cid
and score>= t.score)
from sc t) m
where pxbetween1and3orderby
m.cid , m.px

--sql 2005用DENSE_RANK实现

select*from (select
t.* , px
= DENSE_RANK() over(partitionby cid
orderby scoredesc)
from sc t) mwhere px
between1and3orderby
m.Cid , m.px

--26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

思路:每门课被选修的学生数(一个记录集合)。

select*
fromcourse a inner
join

(select cid,count(*)as
'人数'from sc
group by cid) b

on a.cid=b.cid

select a.cid,a.cname,count(1)as
'人数'from course a
innerjoin sc b

on a.cid=b.cidgroupby
a.cid,a.cname

select cid ,count(Sid)[学生数]from
sc groupby Cid

--27、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

select Student.Sid ,Student.Sname

from Student , SC

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid

groupby Student.Sid , Student.Sname

havingcount(SC.Cid)=2

orderby Student.Sid

--28、查询男生、女生人数

思路:

select ssex,count(1)as'人数'from
student groupby ssex

selectcount(Ssex)as男生人数from
Studentwhere Ssex
= N'男'

selectcount(Ssex)as女生人数from
Studentwhere Ssex
= N'女'

selectsum(casewhen
Ssex = N'男'then1else0end)[男生人数],sum(casewhen
Ssex = N'女'then1else0end)[女生人数]from
student

selectcasewhen Ssex=
N'男'then N'男生人数'else
N'女生人数'end[男女情况]
, count(1)[人数]from
studentgroupbycasewhen Ssex=
N'男'then N'男生人数'else
N'女生人数'end

--29、查询名字中含有"风"字的学生信息

select*
fromstudent where sname
like'%风%'

select*from studentwhere
sname like N'%风%'

select*from studentwherecharindex(N'风'
, sname) >0

--30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数

思路:按照姓名字段进行GROUP BY,同时计算人数,只要大于1,就是同姓同名。

select sname,count(1)as
'人数'from student
groupby sname
having count(1)>1

select Sname[学生姓名],count(*)[人数]from
Studentgroupby Snamehavingcount(*)>1

--31、查询1990年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)

select*
fromstudent where
datepart(year,sage)='1990'

select*from Studentwhereyear(sage)=1990

select*from Studentwheredatediff(yy,sage,'1990-01-01')=0

select*from Studentwheredatepart(yy,sage)=1990

select*from Studentwhereconvert(varchar(4),sage,120)='1990'

--32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列

思路:每门课程的平均成绩(一个记录集合),再使用函数排序,排序时根据平均成绩、课程编号。

select row_number()over(orderby
convert(decimal(18,2),avg(a.score))desc,b.cid)as
'排名',b.cid,b.cname,convert(decimal(18,2),avg(a.score))as
'平均成绩'from sc a
inner join course b

on a.cid=b.cidgroupby
b.cid,b.cname

select m.Cid , m.Cname ,cast(avg(n.score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score

from Course m, SC n

where m.Cid= n.Cid

groupby m.Cid , m.Cname

orderby avg_scoredesc, m.Cid
asc

--33、查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

select s.sid,s.sname,convert(decimal(18,2),avg(a.score))as
'平均成绩'from student s
innerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.snamehaving
avg(a.score)>=85

select a.Sid , a.Sname ,cast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))
avg_score

from Student a , sc b

where a.Sid= b.Sid

groupby a.Sid , a.Sname

havingcast(avg(b.score)asdecimal(18,2))>=85

orderby a.Sid

--34、查询课程名称为"数学",且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

select s.sid,s.sname,b.cname,a.scorefrom
student sinnerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cid

where b.cname='数学'and
a.score<60

select sname , score

from Student , SC , Course

where SC.Sid= Student.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand Course.Cname= N'数学'and
score <60

--35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况;

select s.sid,s.sname,b.cid,b.cname,a.score

from student sinner
join sc a on s.sid=a.sidinner
join course bon a.cid=b.cid

select Student.* , Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cid

orderby Student.Sid , SC.Cid

--36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;

select s.sid,s.sname,b.cid,b.cname,a.scorefrom
student sinnerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cid

where a.score>70

select Student.* , Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand SC.score
>=70

orderby Student.Sid , SC.Cid

--37、查询不及格的课程

select s.sid,s.sname,b.cid,b.cname,a.scorefrom
student sinnerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cid

where a.score<60

select Student.* , Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand SC.score
<60

orderby Student.Sid , SC.Cid

--38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;

select s.sid,s.sname,b.cid,b.cname,a.scorefrom
student sinnerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cid

where a.score>=80and b.cid='01'

select Student.* , Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand SC.Cid
='01'and SC.score>=80

orderby Student.Sid , SC.Cid

--39、求每门课程的学生人数

select b.cid,b.cname,count(1)as
'人数'from sc a
inner join course b

on a.cid=b.cidgroupby
b.cid,b.cname

select Course.Cid , Course.Cname,count(*)[学生人数]

from Course , SC

where Course.Cid= SC.Cid

groupby Course.Cid , Course.Cname

orderby Course.Cid , Course.Cname

--40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

思路:上张三老师课的学生(一个记录集合)

selecttop 1
* from student s
inner join sc a

on s.sid=a.sidinnerjoin
course b

on a.cid=b.cidinnerjoin
teacher c

on b.tid=c.tidwherec.tname='张三'order
by a.scoredesc

--40.1当最高分只有一个时

selecttop1 Student.*
, Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course ,Teacher

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand Course.Tid
= Teacher.Tid
and Teacher.Tname= N'张三'

orderby SC.scoredesc

--40.2当最高分出现多个时

select Student.* , Course.Cname , SC.Cid ,SC.score

from Student, SC , Course ,Teacher

where Student.Sid= SC.Sid
and SC.Cid
= Course.Cidand Course.Tid
= Teacher.Tid
and Teacher.Tname= N'张三'and

SC.score= (selectmax(SC.score)from
SC , Course , Teacherwhere SC.Cid
= Course.Cid
and Course.Tid= Teacher.Tid
and Teacher.Tname
= N'张三')

--41☆☆☆☆☆、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

思路:

--方法1

select m.*from SC m ,(select
Cid , score from SCgroupby Cid , scorehavingcount(1)>1)
n

where m.Cid= n.Cidand
m.score = n.score
orderby m.Cid , m.score , m.Sid

--方法2

select m.*from SC mwhereexists
(select1from (select Cid , scorefrom
SC groupby Cid , scorehavingcount(1)>1)
n

where m.Cid= n.Cidand
m.score = n.score)
orderby m.Cid , m.score , m.Sid

--42、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名

思路:每门课程全部成绩(一个记录集合)。

select
* from (selectrow_number() over(partitionby cid order by score desc) as ranking,* from sc)
a whereranking in (1,2)

select t.*from sc twhere
score in (selecttop2 scorefrom
sc where Cid= T.Cid
orderby scoredesc)
orderby t.Cid , t.scoredesc

--43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过5人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列

select b.cid,b.cname,count(1)as
'人数'from sc a
inner join course b

on a.cid=b.cidgroupby
b.cid,b.cnamehaving
count(1)>5order
by count(1)
desc,b.cid

select Course.Cid , Course.Cname,count(*)[学生人数]

from Course , SC

where Course.Cid= SC.Cid

groupby Course.Cid , Course.Cname

havingcount(*)>=5

orderby[学生人数]desc
, Course.Cid

--44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select s.sid,s.sname,count(1)as
'课程数'from student s
innerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.snamehaving
count(1)>=2

select student.Sid ,student.Sname

from student , SC

where student.Sid= SC.Sid

groupby student.Sid , student.Sname

havingcount(1)>=2

orderby student.Sid

--45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

select s.sid,s.sname,count(1)as
'课程数'from student s
innerjoin sc a

on s.sid=a.sidgroupby
s.sid,s.snamehaving
count(1)>=(selectcount(1)from
course)

--方法1根据数量来完成

select student.*from studentwhere
Sid in

(select Sidfrom sc
groupby Sidhavingcount(1)=
(selectcount(1)from
course))

--方法2使用双重否定来完成

select t.*from student twhere
t.Sid notin

(


selectdistinctm.Sidfrom


(

select Sid , Cidfrom student , course


) m wherenotexists (select1from
sc n where n.Sid= m.Sid
and n.Cid= m.Cid)

)

--方法3使用双重否定来完成

select t.*from student twherenotexists(select1from

(


selectdistinctm.Sidfrom


(

select Sid , Cidfrom student , course


) m wherenotexists (select1from
sc n where n.Sid= m.Sid
and n.Cid= m.Cid)

) kwhere k.Sid
= t.Sid

)

--46、查询各学生的年龄

select*,datediff(year,sage,getdate())as
'年龄'from student

粗略算法

select*,datediff(day,sage,getdate())/365as
'年龄'from student

具体算法

--46.1只按照年份来算

select* ,datediff(yy , sage ,getdate())
[年龄]from student

--46.2按照出生日期来算,当前月日 <
出生年月的月日则,年龄减一

select* ,casewhenright(convert(varchar(10),getdate(),120),5)10),sage,120),5)thendatediff(yy
, sage ,getdate())
-1elsedatediff(yy , sage ,getdate())
end[年龄]from student

--47、查询本周过生日的学生

思路:将学生出生日期的年换成今年,然后加上具体日期,再和今天比较,如果为0,就是本周,如果为-1,就是下周,如果为1,就是上周。

select*
fromstudent

wheredatediff(week,convert(varchar,datepart(yy,getdate()))+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=0

select*from studentwheredatediff(week,datename(yy,getdate())+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=0

--48、查询下周过生日的学生

select*
fromstudent

wheredatediff(week,convert(varchar,datepart(yy,getdate()))+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=-1

select*from studentwheredatediff(week,datename(yy,getdate())+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=-1

--49、查询本月过生日的学生

思路:把学生的出生日期的年换成今年,然后判断月是否在当前月。为0就是本月,为1就是上月,为-1就是下月。

select*
fromstudent

wheredatediff(mm,convert(varchar,datepart(yy,getdate()))+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=0

select*from studentwheredatediff(mm,datename(yy,getdate())+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=0

--50、查询下月过生日的学生

select*
fromstudent

wheredatediff(mm,convert(varchar,datepart(yy,getdate()))+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=-1

select*from studentwheredatediff(mm,datename(yy,getdate())+right(convert(varchar(10),sage,120),6),getdate())=-1

总结:

1.一种是先组合成一个总的记录集合,然后再进行GROUP BY或者ORDER
BY等其他操作;另一种是分别先对小的记录集合进行其他操作,然后再组合到一起成为最终的一个记录集合。

2.针对排序,有三种情况:

RANK()OVER():排名1,1,3--保留

DENSE_RANK()OVER:排名1,1,2--不保留

ROW_NUMBEROVER():排名1,2,3--没有同排名的

3.有关日期的计算,一是要注意东西方对星期开始的差异,最好是使用SET DATEFIRST 1来人为的设定每周开始为星期一。二是要注意年、月、日三个元素的分别调整。三是要注意在调整过程中数据类型的变换。

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