SuSe 11以编译安装的方式升级OpenSSH、OpenSSL及依赖问题解决

OpenSSH

OpenSSH是实现远程控制、远程加密传输数据的安全的网络连接工具，也就是为我们提供ssh服务的程序。SSH由服务端和客户端组成，服务端是一个守护进程（sshd），在后台运行并响应客户端的连接请求；客户端包含ssh（openssh-clients）、scp、slogin、sftp等应用程序。

SSH服务本身提供了一种安全加密的数据传输方式。在一些比较旧的Linux系统版本中，多数是openssh 5版本。而目前OpenSSH已更新到OpenSSH 7.X版本，修复许多存在的安全漏洞，也是较为安全的版本。OpenSSH官网：http://www.openssh.com

本文主要记录OpenSSH 7在SLES（SuSe 11）上的升级过程。

安装软件包前提准备：

系统版本：

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)

一、安装依赖软件

1、安装必要的gcc、gcc-c++编译工具及libopenssl-devel、pam-devel、zlib-devel

hm:~ # zypper in -y gcc gcc-c++hm:/usr/local/src # rpm -ivh libopenssl-devel-1.0.2h-1.3.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --forcehm:/usr/local/src # rpm -ivh pam-devel-1.1.8-6.1.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --forcehm:/usr/local/src # rpm -ivh zlib-devel-1.2.7-2.1.2.x86_64.rpm

二、安装OpenSSL

1、检查系统自带的openssl

hm:/usr/local/src # rpm -q opensslopenssl-0.9.8j-0.50.1# 由于openssl依赖的软件太多，所以在升级openssl时，不用卸载旧的版本。如果强制卸载可能导致系统不能正常运行hm:/usr/local/src # openssl versionOpenSSL 0.9.8j-fips 07 Jan 2009# 检查openssl的目录hm:/usr/local/src # which openssl/usr/bin/openssl# 在升级过程中将旧版的相关文件进行备份，在升级新版本后重新链接替换为新版本对应的文件目录hm:/usr/local/src # whereis opensslopenssl: /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/X11/openssl /usr/include/openssl /usr/share/man/man1/openssl.1ssl.gzhm:/usr/local/src # ls /etc/ssl/certs  openssl.cnf  private  servercerts# 备份上述文件，/usr/bin/X11/openssl为/usr/bin/openssl的软链接hm:/usr/local/src # mkdir /home/ssl_bakhm:/usr/local/src # mv /usr/bin/openssl /home/ssl_bak/hm:/usr/local/src # mv /etc/ssl /home/ssl_bak/etc_sslhm:/usr/local/src # mv /usr/include/openssl /home/ssl_bak/include_openssl

2、升级openssl

# 1)安装openssl-1.0.2h.tar.gzhm:/usr/local/src # tar -zxf openssl-1.0.2h.tar.gz hm:/usr/local/src # cd openssl-1.0.2h/hm:/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2h # ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/etc/ssl shared zlibhm:/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2h # makehm:/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2h # make install# 查看安装好的/usr/local/openssl目录文件hm:/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2h # ls /usr/local/openssl/{bin,include,lib}/usr/local/openssl/bin:c_rehash  fips_standalone_sha1  fipsld  openssl/usr/local/openssl/include:openssl/usr/local/openssl/lib:engines         fips_premain.c.sha1  fipscanister.o.sha1  libcrypto.so        libssl.a   libssl.so.1.0.0fips_premain.c  fipscanister.o       libcrypto.a          libcrypto.so.1.0.0  libssl.so  pkgconfig# 查看/etc/ssl目录hm:/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2h # ls /etc/ssl/certs  man  misc  openssl.cnf  private

3、配置升级后的openssl的相关目录（链接openssl程序）

hm:/usr/local/src # ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/opensslhm:/usr/local/src # ln -s /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl /usr/include/opensslhm:/usr/local/src # echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.confhm:/usr/local/src # ldconfig # 查看升级的openssl版本hm:/usr/local/src # openssl versionOpenSSL 1.0.2h  3 May 2016

三、卸载系统原有的OpenSSH

# 停止sshd服务hm:~ # service sshd stopShutting down the listening SSH daemon                                                                   done# 卸载opensshhm:~ # zypper rm opensshhm:~ # rpm -qa | grep opensshhm:~ # mv /etc/ssh /home/ssl_bak/

四、升级OpenSSH

hm:/usr/local/src # gzip -d openssh-7.1p1.tar.gz hm:/usr/local/src # tar xf openssh-7.1p1.tar hm:/usr/local/src # cd openssh-7.1p1/# 编译参数hm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1 # ./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh --with-pam --with-openssl --with-md5-passwords --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-zlib --with-ssl-engine --with-ssl-dir=/usr/local/opensslhm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1 # makehm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1 # make install# 查看升级后的版本hm:~ # ssh -VOpenSSH_7.1p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2h  3 May 2016# 拷贝sshd启动脚本，contrib/目录下对应系统的启动脚本hm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1 # cd contrib/hm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # lsMakefile  aix     findssl.sh            gnome-ssh-askpass2.c  redhat   ssh-copy-id    sshd.pam.freebsd  suseREADME    cygwin  gnome-ssh-askpass1.c  hpux                  solaris  ssh-copy-id.1  sshd.pam.generichm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # cp suse/rc.sshd /etc/init.d/sshdhm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/sshd # 启动并设置开机启动hm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # chkconfig --add sshdsshd                      0:off  1:off  2:off  3:on   4:off  5:on   6:offhm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # chkconfig sshd onhm:/usr/local/src/openssh-7.1p1/contrib # service sshd startStarting SSH daemon                                                                                      done

五、重新登陆服务器

注意几点：

1、OpenSSH 7版本默认不允许root登陆，需要修改PermitRootLogin、PasswordAuthentication为允许

2、编译openssh过程出现错误configure: error: *** Can't find recent OpenSSL libcrypto (see config.log for details) ***，这个是OpenSSL没有安装配置好所引起的错误

六、检验ssh密钥配置

1、通过客户端远程登陆本机（从客户端使用密钥验证方式登陆升级OpenSSH后的SuSe服务器）

# 创建密钥[root@node4 ~]# ssh-keygen# 发送公钥到SuSe服务器[root@node4 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 10.0.0.130# 登陆验证[root@node4 ~]# ssh 10.0.0.130Last login: Sat Jul 23 07:18:09 2016 from 10.0.0.14hm:~ # ssh -VOpenSSH_7.1p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2h  3 May 2016hm:~ # exit

2、配置本机密钥远程登陆其他服务器

hm:~ # ssh-keygen hm:~ # ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 10.0.0.14/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"The authenticity of host '10.0.0.14 (10.0.0.14)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ov9sIuzLGQyS2FaJa4hY/SKSZ4YenjXBULFLYauDUz8.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keysroot@10.0.0.14's password: Number of key(s) added: 1Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '10.0.0.14'"and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.hm:~ # ssh 10.0.0.14Last login: Thu Aug 11 23:30:24 2016 from 10.0.0.130[root@node4 ~]# exit