Android如何实现拍照或者选取本地图片

这篇文章主要介绍Android如何实现拍照或者选取本地图片，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

具体内容如下

总体流程

从selectPhotoActivity中启动图册或者相机，再根据获取的uri进行裁剪，返回uri，再对这个uri执行一系列操纵。

从相册选取图片

private void pickPhoto() {        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,                android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);        startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO);    }

使用隐式intent启动相机。

拍照获取图片

private void takePhoto() {        // 执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在        String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();        if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {            Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);// "android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"            File path = Environment                    .getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);            File file = new File(path, IMAGE_FILE_NAME);            takePhoto = Uri.fromFile(file);            intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto);            startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO);        } else {            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "内存卡不存在",                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }

值得注意的一点是，intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto)中，设置了拍完照照片的存放路径takePhoto，在此情况下，部分机型的onActivityResult()中不会返回数据，即data.getData()为空，因为可以根据存放路径即可获取拍照图片。

裁剪图片

public void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) {        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");        // 设置裁剪        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");        // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);        // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高        intent.putExtra("outputX", 340);        intent.putExtra("outputY", 340);        //将URI指向相应的file:///…        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);        // 不返回图片文件        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);        startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_REQUEST_CODE);    }

裁剪方法调用android自带的裁剪库，部分深度定制的机型，如魅族，可能不存在该库，那么就需要自定义或者使用开源裁剪库。

返回的数据的处理

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {            Log.e("TAG","ActivityResult resultCode error");            return;        }        switch (requestCode){            case SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO:                Uri uri = data.getData();                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(uri.getAuthority())) {                    //查询选择图片                    Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(                        uri,                        new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA },                        null,                        null,                        null);                    //返回 没找到选择图片                    if (null == cursor) {                        return;                    }                    //光标移动至开头 获取图片路径                    cursor.moveToFirst();                    picPath = cursor.getString(cursor                        .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));                    Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);                }                break;            case SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO:                //裁剪图片                startPhotoZoom(takePhoto);                break;            case RESULT_REQUEST_CODE :                if (data != null) {                    Log.d("图片路径",data.getData().toString());                    picPath = getPathByUri4kitkat(getApplicationContext(),data.getData());                    Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);                }                break;        }        if(requestCode != SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO) {            lastIntent.putExtra(KEY_PHOTO_PATH, picPath);            setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, lastIntent);            finish();        }        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);    }

因为在本activity中可能启动三个新的activity，即拍照activity，相册activity，裁剪activity。需要注意，拍完照的图片需要经过裁剪，即，只有从相册选取和裁剪返回的数据可以setRuselt()，故需要添加一个if语句加以判别。

根据Uri获取真实路径

还是因为机型适配的问题，以下提供两种方法，大家自己尝试：

方法一

public static String getRealPathFromURI(final Context context, final Uri uri ) {        if ( null == uri ) return null;        final String scheme = uri.getScheme();        String data = null;        if ( scheme == null )            data = uri.getPath();        else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals( scheme ) ) {            data = uri.getPath();        } else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals( scheme ) ) {            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query( uri, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA }, null, null, null );            if ( null != cursor ) {                if ( cursor.moveToFirst() ) {                    int index = cursor.getColumnIndex( MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA );                    if ( index > -1 ) {                        data = cursor.getString( index );                    }                }                cursor.close();            }        }        return data;    }

方法二

@SuppressLint("NewApi")    public static String getPathByUri4kitkat(final Context context, final Uri uri) {        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;        // DocumentProvider        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {// ExternalStorageProvider                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];                }            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {// DownloadsProvider                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),                        Long.valueOf(id));                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);            } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {// MediaProvider                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                Uri contentUri = null;                if ("image".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                }                final String selection = "_id=?";                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);            }        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// MediaStore            // (and            // general)            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// File            return uri.getPath();        }        return null;    }    /**     * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for     * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.     *     * @param context     *            The context.     * @param uri     *            The Uri to query.     * @param selection     *            (Optional) Filter used in the query.     * @param selectionArgs     *            (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.     * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.     */    public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {        Cursor cursor = null;        final String column = "_data";        final String[] projection = { column };        try {            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);                return cursor.getString(column_index);            }        } finally {            if (cursor != null)                cursor.close();        }        return null;    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.     */    public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.     */    public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.     */    public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }

整体代码

public class selectPhotoActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{    /** 使用照相机拍照获取图片 */    public static final int SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO = 1;    /** 使用相册中的图片 */    public static final int SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO = 2;    /** 裁剪图片 */    private static final int RESULT_REQUEST_CODE = 3;    /** 开启相机 */    private Button btn_take_photo;    /** 开启图册 */    private Button btn_pick_photo;    /** 取消 */    private Button btn_cancel;    /** 图片名称 */    private static final String IMAGE_FILE_NAME = "image.jpg";    /** 获取到的图片路径 */    private String picPath;    //保存裁剪后的图像    private Bitmap photo;    private Intent lastIntent;    private Uri takePhoto;    /** 从Intent获取图片路径的KEY */    public static final String KEY_PHOTO_PATH = "photo_path";    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_select_photo);        btn_take_photo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_take_photo);        btn_pick_photo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_pick_photo);        btn_cancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_cancel);        lastIntent = getIntent();        btn_take_photo.setOnClickListener(this);        btn_pick_photo.setOnClickListener(this);        btn_cancel.setOnClickListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.btn_take_photo : // 开启相机                takePhoto();                break;            case R.id.btn_pick_photo : // 开启图册                pickPhoto();                break;            case R.id.btn_cancel : // 取消操作                this.finish();                break;            default :                break;        }    }    /**     * 拍照获取图片     */    private void takePhoto() {        // 执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在        String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();        if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {            Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);// "android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"            File path = Environment                    .getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);            File file = new File(path, IMAGE_FILE_NAME);            takePhoto = Uri.fromFile(file);            intent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, takePhoto);            startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO);        } else {            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "内存卡不存在",                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    /***     * 从相册中取图片     */    private void pickPhoto() {        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,                android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);        startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO);    }    @Override    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {        finish();        return super.onTouchEvent(event);    }    @Override    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {            Log.e("TAG","ActivityResult resultCode error");            return;        }        switch (requestCode){            case SELECT_PIC_BY_PICK_PHOTO:                Uri uri = data.getData();                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(uri.getAuthority())) {                    //查询选择图片                    Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(                        uri,                        new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA },                        null,                        null,                        null);                    //返回 没找到选择图片                    if (null == cursor) {                        return;                    }                    //光标移动至开头 获取图片路径                    cursor.moveToFirst();                    picPath = cursor.getString(cursor                        .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));                    Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);                }                break;            case SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO:                //裁剪图片                startPhotoZoom(takePhoto);                break;            case RESULT_REQUEST_CODE :                if (data != null) {                    Log.d("图片路径",data.getData().toString());                    picPath = getPathByUri4kitkat(getApplicationContext(),data.getData());                    Log.d("图片路径啊啊啊啊啊啊",picPath);                }                break;        }        if(requestCode != SELECT_PIC_BY_TACK_PHOTO) {            lastIntent.putExtra(KEY_PHOTO_PATH, picPath);            setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, lastIntent);            finish();        }        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);    }    /**     * 裁剪图片方法实现     *     * @param uri     */    public void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) {        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");        // 设置裁剪        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");        // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);        // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高        intent.putExtra("outputX", 340);        intent.putExtra("outputY", 340);        //将URI指向相应的file:///…        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);        // 不返回图片文件        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);        startActivityForResult(intent, RESULT_REQUEST_CODE);    }    //Android 4.4后通过Uri获取路径以及文件名一种方法    public static String getRealPathFromURI(final Context context, final Uri uri ) {        if ( null == uri ) return null;        final String scheme = uri.getScheme();        String data = null;        if ( scheme == null )            data = uri.getPath();        else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals( scheme ) ) {            data = uri.getPath();        } else if ( ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals( scheme ) ) {            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query( uri, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA }, null, null, null );            if ( null != cursor ) {                if ( cursor.moveToFirst() ) {                    int index = cursor.getColumnIndex( MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA );                    if ( index > -1 ) {                        data = cursor.getString( index );                    }                }                cursor.close();            }        }        return data;    }    // 专为Android4.4设计的从Uri获取文件绝对路径，以前的方法已不好使    @SuppressLint("NewApi")    public static String getPathByUri4kitkat(final Context context, final Uri uri) {        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;        // DocumentProvider        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {// ExternalStorageProvider                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];                }            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {// DownloadsProvider                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),                        Long.valueOf(id));                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);            } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {// MediaProvider                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                Uri contentUri = null;                if ("image".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                }                final String selection = "_id=?";                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);            }        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// MediaStore            // (and            // general)            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// File            return uri.getPath();        }        return null;    }    /**     * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for     * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.     *     * @param context     *            The context.     * @param uri     *            The Uri to query.     * @param selection     *            (Optional) Filter used in the query.     * @param selectionArgs     *            (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.     * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.     */    public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {        Cursor cursor = null;        final String column = "_data";        final String[] projection = { column };        try {            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);                return cursor.getString(column_index);            }        } finally {            if (cursor != null)                cursor.close();        }        return null;    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.     */    public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.     */    public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri     *            The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.     */    public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }}

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