oracle数据库克隆

oracle on linux安装多台服务器时可以采用一次安装副本多台克隆即可，简单快速.**************************************************************1、检查下列包是否安装**************************************************************yum -y install  gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 \elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc  glibc-devel glibc-common  \libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel  sysstat   expat \ksh unixODBC unixODBC-devel  --配置系统# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal:      4946772 kB# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfoSwapTotal:    12289716 kB# df -hFilesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2              17G  2.8G   14G  18% //dev/sda1            1012M   40M  921M   5% /bootnone                  891M     0  891M   0% /dev/shm/dev/hdc              192M  192M     0 100% /media/cdrom**************************************************************2.参数修改**************************************************************1.设置需要的IP2、修改host文件在/etc/hosts文件中添加一个全限定域名，如：vi /etc/hosts192.168.50.180  vp01  vp01.vpay.com192.168.50.190  vp02  vp02.vpay.com3. 查看修改结果hostnamecat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`4、设置核心参数　1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行：#vi /etc/sysctl.conffs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmmni = 4096# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmnikernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default=4194304net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586　5、运行下列命令改变核心参数：#/sbin/sysctl -p　6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行：# vi /etc/security/limits.conforacle           soft    nproc   2047oracle           hard    nproc   16384oracle           soft    nofile  1024oracle           hard    nofile  65536oracle           hard    stack   102407、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行：# vi +13 /etc/pam.d/loginsession    required     pam_limits.so**************************************************************3.创建下列组和用户**************************************************************groupadd oinstallgroupadd dbagroupadd operuseradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oraclepasswd oracle123**************************************************************4.设置oracle用户的环境变量**************************************************************用oracle登录在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名：# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile也可以 #su - oracle#vi .bash_profile增加下列内容：# Oracle SettingsTMP=/tmp;export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP;export TMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=jinri;export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;export PATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;export PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1;export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL#set languageNLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8export  NLS_LANGEDITOR=viexport EDITORif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; thenif [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifialias  oratrace="cat   $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_jinri.log"alias  oradata="cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID"alias  oranetwork="cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin"alias topc='ps -e -o pcpu,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'alias topm='ps -e -o pmem,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'----新建必要的数据目录#mkdir /u01/backup/  && chown -R   oracle.oinstall  /u01/backup/# mkdir /data/ctl# chown -R   oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/**************************************************************5.副本克隆安装数据库**************************************************************--1.vp01正常关闭数据库[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 18:27:13 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> shutdown immediate数据库已经关闭。已经卸载数据库。ORACLE 例程已经关闭。SQL> exit[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ lsnrctl stopLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 18:27:39Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))命令执行成功---2.vp01打包$cd /u01/$tar czvf oracle.tar.gz /u01/---3.vp01将oracle安装副本压缩包传递到vp02scp -r -p -P 16335 /u01/oracle.tar.gz  oracle@10.174.157.163:/u01/backup/---4.vp02解压修改权限#chown -R   oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/oracle.tar.gz#cd /u01/backup/# tar zxvf oracle.tar.gz -C /u01/--移动目录到上一层# cd /u01/u01/ && mv app/  ../ && ls /u01/u01/ &&  ls /u01/app/ #rm -rf /u01/u01---控制文件有个副本在不同目录#cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jinri/control01.ctl  /data/ctl/control03.ctl#chown -R   oracle.oinstall  /u01/app/#chown -R   oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/--relink$cd$relink allwriting relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log----5.修改监听解析文件$ cat   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =    (SID_DESC =  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = jinri)  (SID_NAME = jinri)  ) )   LISTENER =  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =    (DESCRIPTION =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.174.157.163)(PORT = 1521))    )  ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle[oracle@vp02 ~]$ #将vp01修改为vp02对应IP$ cat   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.JINRI =  (DESCRIPTION =    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521))    (CONNECT_DATA =      (SERVER = DEDICATED)      (SERVICE_NAME = jinri)    )  )-----6.附加oracle主目录cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -silent -attachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc  \ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"Starting Oracle Universal Installer...Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 4999 MB    PassedThe inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.locThe inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventoryPlease execute the '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' script at the end of the session.'AttachHome' was successful.#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh--注册前$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml    11.2.0.4.0   2.1.0.6.0--注册前$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml    11.2.0.4.0   2.1.0.6.0$ cat /etc/oraInst.loc inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventoryinst_group=oinstall----7.分离oracle主目录(需要的时候)$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller -silent -detachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc  \ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"----8.启动监听文件$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.启动/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: 请稍候...TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production系统参数文件为/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora写入/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml的日志信息监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))LISTENER 的 STATUS------------------------别名                      LISTENER版本                      TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production启动日期                  28-9月 -2015 19:30:48正常运行时间              0 天 0 小时 0 分 2 秒跟踪级别                  off安全性                    ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP                      OFF监听程序参数文件          /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora监听程序日志文件          /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml监听端点概要...  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))监听程序不支持服务命令执行成功$ tnsping jinriTNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:31:11Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.已使用的参数文件:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora已使用 TNSNAMES 适配器来解析别名尝试连接 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jinri)))OK (0 毫秒)$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 20:17:45 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.已连接到空闲例程。SQL> startupORACLE 例程已经启动。Total System Global Area 3925032960 bytesFixed Size             2259240 bytesVariable Size                822085336 bytesDatabase Buffers    3087007744 bytesRedo Buffers                  13680640 bytes数据库装载完毕。数据库已经打开。SQL> select open_mode from v$database;OPEN_MODE--------------------READ WRITE