Android中WindowManger的层级分析
发表于：2025-01-19 作者：千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月19日，这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关Android中WindowManger的层级分析，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。一. Window 分类应用 Wi
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月19日Android中WindowManger的层级分析一. Window 分类
这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关Android中WindowManger的层级分析，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。
一. Window 分类
应用 Window（ApplicationWindow： 对应一个 Acitivity）
子 Window （SubWindow：不能单独存在，需要依附在特定的父 Window 中，比如常见的一些 Dialog 就是一个子 Window）
系统 Window （SystemWindow：需要声明权限才能创建的 Window，比如 Toast 和系统状态栏都是系统 Window）
二. Window层级
Window 是分层的，每个 Window 都有对应的 z-ordered，层级大的会覆盖在层级小的 Window 上面，这和 HTML 中的 z-index 概念是完全一致的。
在三种 Window 中，每一种Window的层级范围也是不同的，如下：
应用Window 1~99
子Window 1000~1999
系统Window 2000~2999
这些层级范围对应着 WindowManager.LayoutParams 的 type 参数，如果想要 Window 位于所有 Window 的最顶层，那么采用较大的层级即可，很显然系统 Window 的层级是最大的，当我们采用系统层级时，需要声明权限。
（1）应用程序窗口：
package android.view;public interface WindowManager /** * Start of window types that represent normal application windows. */ public static final int FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 1; /** * Window type: an application window that serves as the "base" window * of the overall application; all other application windows will * appear on top of it. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION = 1; /** * Window type: a normal application window. The {@link #token} must be * an Activity token identifying who the window belongs to. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION = 2; /** * Window type: special application window that is displayed while the * application is starting. Not for use by applications themselves; * this is used by the system to display something until the * application can show its own windows. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING = 3; /** * Window type: a variation on TYPE_APPLICATION that ensures the window * manager will wait for this window to be drawn before the app is shown. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION = 4; /** * End of types of application windows. */ public static final int LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 99;（2）子窗口：
package android.view;public interface WindowManager /** * Start of types of sub-windows. The {@link #token} of these windows * must be set to the window they are attached to. These types of * windows are kept next to their attached window in Z-order, and their * coordinate space is relative to their attached window. */ public static final int FIRST_SUB_WINDOW = 1000; /** * Window type: a panel on top of an application window. These windows * appear on top of their attached window. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW; /** * Window type: window for showing media (such as video). These windows * are displayed behind their attached window. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 1; /** * Window type: a sub-panel on top of an application window. These * windows are displayed on top their attached window and any * {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL} panels. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 2; /** Window type: like {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL}, but layout * of the window happens as that of a top-level window, not * as a child of its container. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 3; /** * Window type: window for showing overlays on top of media windows. * These windows are displayed between TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA and the * application window. They should be translucent to be useful. This * is a big ugly hack so: * @hide */ @UnsupportedAppUsage public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA_OVERLAY = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 4; /** * Window type: a above sub-panel on top of an application window and it's * sub-panel windows. These windows are displayed on top of their attached window * and any {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL} panels. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ABOVE_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 5; /** * End of types of sub-windows. */ public static final int LAST_SUB_WINDOW = 1999;（3）系统窗口：
package android.view;public interface WindowManager /** * Start of system-specific window types. These are not normally * created by applications. */ public static final int FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW = 2000; /** * Window type: the status bar. There can be only one status bar * window; it is placed at the top of the screen, and all other * windows are shifted down so they are below it. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW; /** * Window type: the search bar. There can be only one search bar * window; it is placed at the top of the screen. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_SEARCH_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+1; /** * Window type: phone. These are non-application windows providing * user interaction with the phone (in particular incoming calls). * These windows are normally placed above all applications, but behind * the status bar. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_PHONE = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+2; /** * Window type: system window, such as low power alert. These windows * are always on top of application windows. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+3; /** * Window type: keyguard window. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @removed */ public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+4; /** * Window type: transient notifications. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_TOAST = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+5; /** * Window type: system overlay windows, which need to be displayed * on top of everything else. These windows must not take input * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+6; /** * Window type: priority phone UI, which needs to be displayed even if * the keyguard is active. These windows must not take input * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+7; /** * Window type: panel that slides out from the status bar * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+8; /** * Window type: dialogs that the keyguard shows * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+9; /** * Window type: internal system error windows, appear on top of * everything they can. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead. */ @Deprecated public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+10; /** * Window type: internal input methods windows, which appear above * the normal UI. Application windows may be resized or panned to keep * the input focus visible while this window is displayed. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+11; /** * Window type: internal input methods dialog windows, which appear above * the current input method window. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG= FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+12; /** * Window type: wallpaper window, placed behind any window that wants * to sit on top of the wallpaper. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. */ public static final int TYPE_WALLPAPER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+13; /** * Window type: panel that slides out from over the status bar * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. */ public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+14; /** * Window type: secure system overlay windows, which need to be displayed * on top of everything else. These windows must not take input * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard. * * This is exactly like {@link #TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY} except that only the * system itself is allowed to create these overlays. Applications cannot * obtain permission to create secure system overlays. * * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @hide */ @UnsupportedAppUsage public static final int TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+15; /** * Window type: the drag-and-drop pseudowindow. There is only one * drag layer (at most), and it is placed on top of all other windows. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_DRAG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+16; /** * Window type: panel that slides out from over the status bar * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. These windows * are displayed on top of the stauts bar and any {@link #TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL} * windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+17; /** * Window type: (mouse) pointer * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_POINTER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+18; /** * Window type: Navigation bar (when distinct from status bar) * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+19; /** * Window type: The volume level overlay/dialog shown when the user * changes the system volume. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+20; /** * Window type: The boot progress dialog, goes on top of everything * in the world. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+21; /** * Window type to consume input events when the systemUI bars are hidden. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+22; /** * Window type: Dreams (screen saver) window, just above keyguard. * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_DREAM = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+23; /** * Window type: Navigation bar panel (when navigation bar is distinct from status bar) * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+24; /** * Window type: Display overlay window. Used to simulate secondary display devices. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ @UnsupportedAppUsage public static final int TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+26; /** * Window type: Magnification overlay window. Used to highlight the magnified * portion of a display when accessibility magnification is enabled. * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+27; /** * Window type: Window for Presentation on top of private * virtual display. */ public static final int TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+30; /** * Window type: Windows in the voice interaction layer. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+31; /** * Window type: Windows that are overlaid only by a connected {@link * android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService} for interception of * user interactions without changing the windows an accessibility service * can introspect. In particular, an accessibility service can introspect * only windows that a sighted user can interact with which is they can touch * these windows or can type into these windows. For example, if there * is a full screen accessibility overlay that is touchable, the windows * below it will be introspectable by an accessibility service even though * they are covered by a touchable window. */ public static final int TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+32; /** * Window type: Starting window for voice interaction layer. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+33; /** * Window for displaying a handle used for resizing docked stacks. This window is owned * by the system process. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+34; /** * Window type: like {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG}, but used * by Quick Settings Tiles. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_QS_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+35; /** * Window type: shares similar characteristics with {@link #TYPE_DREAM}. The layer is * reserved for screenshot region selection. These windows must not take input focus. * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_SCREENSHOT = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 36; /** * Window type: Window for Presentation on an external display. * @see android.app.Presentation * @hide */ public static final int TYPE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 37; /** * Window type: Application overlay windows are displayed above all activity windows * (types between {@link #FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW} and {@link #LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW}) * but below critical system windows like the status bar or IME. * * The system may change the position, size, or visibility of these windows at anytime * to reduce visual clutter to the user and also manage resources. *
* Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW} permission. *
* The system will adjust the importance of processes with this window type to reduce the * chance of the low-memory-killer killing them. *
* In multi-user systems shows only on the owning user's screen. */ public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 38; /** * End of types of system windows. */ public static final int LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW = 2999;
窗口显示顺序：
Type 值越大层级越高，Type 值大的覆盖 Type 值小的，这只是一般规律。
（三）如何真正查看 Window 的优先级
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/WindowManagerPolicy.java default int getWindowLayerFromTypeLw(int type, boolean canAddInternalSystemWindow) { if (type >= FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW && type <= LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW) { return APPLICATION_LAYER; } switch (type) { case TYPE_WALLPAPER: // wallpaper is at the bottom, though the window manager may move it. return 1; case TYPE_PRESENTATION: case TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION: return APPLICATION_LAYER; case TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER: return APPLICATION_LAYER; case TYPE_QS_DIALOG: return APPLICATION_LAYER; case TYPE_PHONE: return 3; case TYPE_SEARCH_BAR: case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING: return 4; case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION: // voice interaction layer is almost immediately above apps. return 5; case TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER: return 6; case TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG: return 7; case TYPE_TOAST: // toasts and the plugged-in battery thing return 8; case TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE: // SIM errors and unlock. Not sure if this really should be in a high layer. return 9; case TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT: // like the ANR / app crashed dialogs return canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 11 : 10; case TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY: return 12; case TYPE_DREAM: // used for Dreams (screensavers with TYPE_DREAM windows) return 13; case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD: // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces go here. return 14; case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG: // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces go here. return 15; case TYPE_STATUS_BAR: return 17; case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL: return 18; case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL: return 19; case TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG: return 20; case TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY: // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user // changes the device volume return 21; case TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY: // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user // changes the device volume return canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 22 : 11; case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR: // the navigation bar, if available, shows atop most things return 23; case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL: // some panels (e.g. search) need to show on top of the navigation bar return 24; case TYPE_SCREENSHOT: // screenshot selection layer shouldn't go above system error, but it should cover // navigation bars at the very least. return 25; case TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR: // system-level error dialogs return canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 26 : 10; case TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY: // used to highlight the magnified portion of a display return 27; case TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY: // used to simulate secondary display devices return 28; case TYPE_DRAG: // the drag layer: input for drag-and-drop is associated with this window, // which sits above all other focusable windows return 29; case TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY: // overlay put by accessibility services to intercept user interaction return 30; case TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY: return 31; case TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS: return 32; case TYPE_POINTER: // the (mouse) pointer layer return 33; default: Slog.e("WindowManager", "Unknown window type: " + type); return APPLICATION_LAYER; } }以上返回的是除 Application 外的 Window 的层级，在开发系统应用时可以选择一种开发自己的 Window.
（四） 层级高低具体分析（对比Toast以及软键盘）
低于toast--->盖不住toast低于软键盘--->盖不住软键盘依附Activity使用--->is your activity running? public static int getWindowType(int num) { switch (num) { case 1: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE;//低于toast 低于软键盘 case 2: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SEARCH_BAR;//低于toast 低于软键盘 case 3: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG;//低于toast 低于软键盘 case 4: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE;//高于toast 低于软键盘 case 5: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;//高于toast 低于软键盘 case 6: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG;//高于toast 盖住键盘 case 7: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR;//高于toast 低于软键盘 case 8: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG;//高于toast 低于软键盘 case 9: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;//高于toast 高于软键盘 case 10: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR;//高于toast 高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起） case 11: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL;//高于toast 高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起） case 12: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY;//低于下级页面 case 13: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY;//is your activity running? case 14: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running? case 15: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running? case 16: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING;// is your activity running? case 17: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION;// is your activity running? case 18: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL;// is your activity running? case 19: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA;// is your activity running? case 20: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL;// is your activity running? case 21: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG;// is your activity running? case 22: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_WALLPAPER;// is your activity running? case 23: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST;// is your activity running? case 24: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD;//is your activity running? case 25: return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION;//permission denied for window type 2030 default: return 0; } }（五）如何定制系统层级
改变层级关系需要改写 getWindowLayerFromTypeLw 的 switch 顺序结构和返回值
如果需要更改一些 Window 的行为，需要修改
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/PhoneWindowManager.java
上述就是小编为大家分享的Android中WindowManger的层级分析了，如果刚好有类似的疑惑，不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识，欢迎关注行业资讯频道。
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