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PostgreSQL如何连接Perl

发表于：2024-11-26 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2024年11月26日，这篇文章主要讲解了"PostgreSQL如何连接Perl"，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习"PostgreSQL如何连接Perl"吧！安装P

千家信息网最后更新 2024年11月26日PostgreSQL如何连接Perl

这篇文章主要讲解了"PostgreSQL如何连接Perl"，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习"PostgreSQL如何连接Perl"吧！

安装

PostgreSQL可以用Perl使用Perl DBI模块，这是一个Perl编程语言的数据库访问模块集成。它定义了一套方法，变数和约定，提供一个标准的数据库接口。

下面是简单的步骤，Linux/Unix机器上安装DBI模块：

$ wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/T/TI/TIMB/DBI-1.625.tar.gz $ tar xvfz DBI-1.625.tar.gz $ cd DBI-1.625 $ perl Makefile.PL $ make $ make install

如果需要安装DBI的SQLite的驱动，那么它可以被安装如下：

$ wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/T/TU/TURNSTEP/DBD-Pg-2.19.3.tar.gz $ tar xvfz DBD-Pg-2.19.3.tar.gz $ cd DBD-Pg-2.19.3 $ perl Makefile.PL $ make $ make install

在开始使用Perl的PostgreSQL的接口，需要在PostgreSQL安装目录中找到pg_hba.conf文件，并添加下面一行：

# IPv4 local connections: host    all         all         127.0.0.1/32          md5

可以使用下面的命令启动/重新启动Postgres的服务器的如果它没有运行：

[root@host]# service postgresql restart Stopping postgresql service:                               [  OK  ] Starting postgresql service:                               [  OK  ]

DBI 接口APIs

以下是重要的DBI例程，可以根据要求使用Perl程序操作SQLite数据库。如果更复杂的应用程序，那么可以看看到的Perl DBI官方文档。

连接到数据库

下面的Perl代码显示了如何连接到一个现有的数据库。如果数据库不存在，那么它就会被创建，终于将返回一个数据库对象。

#!/usr/bin/perl
use DBI;
use strict;
my $driver = "Pg";
my $database = "testdb";
my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432";
my $userid = "postgres";
my $password = "pass123";
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })
or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Opened database successfully\n";

现在让我们运行上面的程序来打开我们的数据库testdb中，如果成功打开数据库，然后它会给下面的消息：

Open database successfully

创建表

下面的Perl程序将在以前创建的数据库中创建一个表：

#!/usr/bin/perl
use DBI;
use strict;
my $driver = "Pg";
my $database = "testdb";
my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432";
my $userid = "postgres";
my $password = "pass123";
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })
or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Opened database successfully\n";
my $stmt = qq(CREATE TABLE COMPANY
(ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR(50),
SALARY REAL););
my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt);
if($rv < 0){
print $DBI::errstr;
} else {
print "Table created successfully\n";
}
$dbh->disconnect();

上述程序执行时，它会在数据库testdb 创建COMPANY 表公司，它会显示以下消息：

Opened database successfully Table created successfully

INSERT 操作

Perl程序，显示我们如何在上面的例子中创建COMPANY 表中的记录：

#!/usr/bin/perl  use DBI; use strict;  my $driver   = "Pg";  my $database = "testdb"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432"; my $userid = "postgres"; my $password = "pass123"; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })                       or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfully\n";  my $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)       VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;  $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)       VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 )); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;  $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)       VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 )); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;  $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)       VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;  print "Records created successfully\n"; $dbh->disconnect();

上述程序执行时，它会创建COMPANY表中的记录，并会显示以下两行：

Opened database successfully Records created successfully

SELECT 操作

Perl程序，表明我们如何获取并显示在上面的例子中创建表COMPANY 中的记录：

#!/usr/bin/perl  use DBI; use strict;  my $driver   = "Pg";  my $database = "testdb"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432"; my $userid = "postgres"; my $password = "pass123"; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })                       or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfully\n";  my $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary  from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); my $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){    print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {       print "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";       print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";       print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";       print "SALARY =  ". $row[3] ."\n\n"; } print "Operation done successfully\n"; $dbh->disconnect();

当上述程序执行时，它会产生以下结果：

Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY =  20000  ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY =  15000  ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY =  20000  ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY =  65000  Operation done successfully

UPDATE 操作

Perl代码显示如何，我们可以使用UPDATE语句来更新任何记录，然后从COMPANY 表获取并显示更新的记录：

#!/usr/bin/perl  use DBI; use strict;  my $driver   = "Pg";  my $database = "testdb"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432"; my $userid = "postgres"; my $password = "pass123"; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })                       or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfully\n";  my $stmt = qq(UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; if( $rv < 0 ){    print $DBI::errstr; }else{    print "Total number of rows updated : $rv\n"; } $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary  from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){    print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {       print "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";       print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";       print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";       print "SALARY =  ". $row[3] ."\n\n"; } print "Operation done successfully\n"; $dbh->disconnect();

当上述程序执行时，它会产生以下结果：

Opened database successfully Total number of rows updated : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY =  25000  ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY =  15000  ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY =  20000  ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY =  65000  Operation done successfully

DELETE 操作

Perl代码显示了我们如何使用DELETE语句删除任何记录，然后获取COMPANY 表并显示剩余记录：

#!/usr/bin/perl  use DBI; use strict;  my $driver   = "Pg";  my $database = "testdb"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database;host=127.0.0.1;port=5432"; my $userid = "postgres"; my $password = "pass123"; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })                       or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfully\n";  my $stmt = qq(DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; if( $rv < 0 ){    print $DBI::errstr; }else{    print "Total number of rows deleted : $rv\n"; } $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary  from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){    print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {       print "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";       print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";       print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";       print "SALARY =  ". $row[3] ."\n\n"; } print "Operation done successfully\n"; $dbh->disconnect();

当上述程序执行时，它会产生以下结果：

Opened database successfully Total number of rows deleted : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY =  25000  ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY =  20000  ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY =  65000  Operation done successfully

感谢各位的阅读，以上就是"PostgreSQL如何连接Perl"的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对PostgreSQL如何连接Perl这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！

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