Java怎么实现SpringBoot单文件和多文件的上传功能

本文小编为大家详细介绍"Java怎么实现SpringBoot单文件和多文件的上传功能"，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇"Java怎么实现SpringBoot单文件和多文件的上传功能"文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。

一、公共文件存储代码

1.FileUploadUtils.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.file;/** * @description: 文件上传工具类 * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:34 */import com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file.FileNameLengthLimitExceededException;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file.FileSizeLimitExceededException;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file.InvalidExtensionException;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.DateUtils;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.IdUtils;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.StringUtils;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;public class FileUploadUtils {    /**     * 默认大小 50M     */    public static final long DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE = 50 * 1024 * 1024;    /**     * 默认的文件名最大长度 100     */    public static final int DEFAULT_FILE_NAME_LENGTH = 100;    /**     * 默认上传的地址     */    private static String defaultBaseDir = "D://test//";    /**     * 资源映射路径 前缀     */    public static String resource_prefix = "D://test//";    public static void setDefaultBaseDir(String defaultBaseDir) {        FileUploadUtils.defaultBaseDir = defaultBaseDir;    }    public static String getDefaultBaseDir() {        return defaultBaseDir;    }    /**     * 以默认配置进行文件上传     *     * @param file 上传的文件     * @return 文件名称     * @throws Exception     */    public static final String upload(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {        try {            return upload(getDefaultBaseDir(), file, MimeTypeUtils.DEFAULT_ALLOWED_EXTENSION);        } catch (Exception e) {            throw new IOException(e.getMessage(), e);        }    }    /**     * 文件上传     *     * @param baseDir          相对应用的基目录     * @param file             上传的文件     * @param allowedExtension 上传文件类型     * @return 返回上传成功的文件名     * @throws FileSizeLimitExceededException       如果超出最大大小     * @throws FileNameLengthLimitExceededException 文件名太长     * @throws IOException                          比如读写文件出错时     * @throws InvalidExtensionException            文件校验异常     */    public static final String upload(String baseDir, MultipartFile file, String[] allowedExtension)            throws FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException, IOException, FileNameLengthLimitExceededException,            InvalidExtensionException {        int fileNamelength = file.getOriginalFilename().length();        if (fileNamelength > FileUploadUtils.DEFAULT_FILE_NAME_LENGTH) {            throw new FileNameLengthLimitExceededException(FileUploadUtils.DEFAULT_FILE_NAME_LENGTH);        }        assertAllowed(file, allowedExtension);        String fileName = extractFilename(file);        File desc = getAbsoluteFile(baseDir, fileName);        file.transferTo(desc);        String pathFileName = getPathFileName(baseDir, fileName);        return pathFileName;    }    /**     * 编码文件名     */    public static final String extractFilename(MultipartFile file) {        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();        String extension = getExtension(file);        fileName = DateUtils.datePath() + "/" + IdUtils.fastUUID() + "." + extension;        return fileName;    }    private static final File getAbsoluteFile(String uploadDir, String fileName) throws IOException {        File desc = new File(uploadDir + File.separator + fileName);        if (!desc.getParentFile().exists()) {            desc.getParentFile().mkdirs();        }        if (!desc.exists()) {            desc.createNewFile();        }        return desc;    }    private static final String getPathFileName(String uploadDir, String fileName) throws IOException {        int dirLastIndex = defaultBaseDir.length() + 1;        String currentDir = StringUtils.substring(uploadDir, dirLastIndex);        String pathFileName = resource_prefix + "/" + currentDir + "/" + fileName;        return pathFileName;    }    /**     * 文件大小校验     *     * @param file 上传的文件     * @return     * @throws FileSizeLimitExceededException 如果超出最大大小     * @throws InvalidExtensionException     */    public static final void assertAllowed(MultipartFile file, String[] allowedExtension)            throws FileSizeLimitExceededException, InvalidExtensionException {        long size = file.getSize();        if (DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE != -1 && size > DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE) {            throw new FileSizeLimitExceededException(DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE / 1024 / 1024);        }        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();        String extension = getExtension(file);        if (allowedExtension != null && !isAllowedExtension(extension, allowedExtension)) {            if (allowedExtension == MimeTypeUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSION) {                throw new InvalidExtensionException.InvalidImageExtensionException(allowedExtension, extension,                        fileName);            } else if (allowedExtension == MimeTypeUtils.FLASH_EXTENSION) {                throw new InvalidExtensionException.InvalidFlashExtensionException(allowedExtension, extension,                        fileName);            } else if (allowedExtension == MimeTypeUtils.MEDIA_EXTENSION) {                throw new InvalidExtensionException.InvalidMediaExtensionException(allowedExtension, extension,                        fileName);            } else if (allowedExtension == MimeTypeUtils.VIDEO_EXTENSION) {                throw new InvalidExtensionException.InvalidVideoExtensionException(allowedExtension, extension,                        fileName);            } else {                throw new InvalidExtensionException(allowedExtension, extension, fileName);            }        }    }    /**     * 判断MIME类型是否是允许的MIME类型     *     * @param extension     * @param allowedExtension     * @return     */    public static final boolean isAllowedExtension(String extension, String[] allowedExtension) {        for (String str : allowedExtension) {            if (str.equalsIgnoreCase(extension)) {                return true;            }        }        return false;    }    /**     * 获取文件名的后缀     *     * @param file 表单文件     * @return 后缀名     */    public static final String getExtension(MultipartFile file) {        String extension = FilenameUtils.getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(extension)) {            extension = MimeTypeUtils.getExtension(file.getContentType());        }        return extension;    }}

2.FileUtils.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.file;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import java.io.*;import java.net.URLEncoder;/** * 文件处理工具类 * * @author youcong */public class FileUtils extends org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils {    public static String FILENAME_PATTERN = "[a-zA-Z0-9_\-\|\.\u4e00-\u9fa5]+";    /**     * 输出指定文件的byte数组     *     * @param filePath 文件路径     * @param os       输出流     * @return     */    public static void writeBytes(String filePath, OutputStream os) throws IOException {        FileInputStream fis = null;        try {            File file = new File(filePath);            if (!file.exists()) {                throw new FileNotFoundException(filePath);            }            fis = new FileInputStream(file);            byte[] b = new byte[1024];            int length;            while ((length = fis.read(b)) > 0) {                os.write(b, 0, length);            }        } catch (IOException e) {            throw e;        } finally {            if (os != null) {                try {                    os.close();                } catch (IOException e1) {                    e1.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (fis != null) {                try {                    fis.close();                } catch (IOException e1) {                    e1.printStackTrace();                }            }        }    }    /**     * 删除文件     *     * @param filePath 文件     * @return     */    public static boolean deleteFile(String filePath) {        boolean flag = false;        File file = new File(filePath);        // 路径为文件且不为空则进行删除        if (file.isFile() && file.exists()) {            file.delete();            flag = true;        }        return flag;    }    /**     * 文件名称验证     *     * @param filename 文件名称     * @return true 正常 false 非法     */    public static boolean isValidFilename(String filename) {        return filename.matches(FILENAME_PATTERN);    }    /**     * 下载文件名重新编码     *     * @param request  请求对象     * @param fileName 文件名     * @return 编码后的文件名     */    public static String setFileDownloadHeader(HttpServletRequest request, String fileName)            throws UnsupportedEncodingException {        final String agent = request.getHeader("USER-AGENT");        String filename = fileName;        if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {            // IE浏览器            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");            filename = filename.replace("+", " ");        } else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {            // 火狐浏览器            filename = new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1");        } else if (agent.contains("Chrome")) {            // google浏览器            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");        } else {            // 其它浏览器            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");        }        return filename;    }}

3.MimeTypeUtils.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.util.file;/** * @description: * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:37 */public class MimeTypeUtils {    public static final String IMAGE_PNG = "image/png";    public static final String IMAGE_JPG = "image/jpg";    public static final String IMAGE_JPEG = "image/jpeg";    public static final String IMAGE_BMP = "image/bmp";    public static final String IMAGE_GIF = "image/gif";    public static final String[] IMAGE_EXTENSION = {"bmp", "gif", "jpg", "jpeg", "png"};    public static final String[] FLASH_EXTENSION = {"swf", "flv"};    public static final String[] MEDIA_EXTENSION = {"swf", "flv", "mp3", "wav", "wma", "wmv", "mid", "avi", "mpg",            "asf", "rm", "rmvb"};    public static final String[] VIDEO_EXTENSION = {"mp4", "avi", "rmvb"};    public static final String[] DEFAULT_ALLOWED_EXTENSION = {            // 图片            "bmp", "gif", "jpg", "jpeg", "png",            // word excel powerpoint            "doc", "docx", "xls", "xlsx", "ppt", "pptx", "html", "htm", "txt",            // 压缩文件            "rar", "zip", "gz", "bz2",            // 视频格式            "mp4", "avi", "rmvb",            // pdf            "pdf"};    public static String getExtension(String prefix) {        switch (prefix) {            case IMAGE_PNG:                return "png";            case IMAGE_JPG:                return "jpg";            case IMAGE_JPEG:                return "jpeg";            case IMAGE_BMP:                return "bmp";            case IMAGE_GIF:                return "gif";            default:                return "";        }    }}

4.FileException.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file;import com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.BaseException;/** * @description: 文件信息异常类 * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:41 */public class FileException extends BaseException {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    public FileException(String code, Object[] args) {        super("file", code, args, null);    }}

5.FileNameLengthLimitExceededException.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file;/** * @description:文件名称超长限制异常类 * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:41 */public class FileNameLengthLimitExceededException extends FileException {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    public FileNameLengthLimitExceededException(int defaultFileNameLength) {        super("upload.filename.exceed.length", new Object[]{defaultFileNameLength});    }}

6.FileSizeLimitExceededException.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file;/** * @description: 文件名大小限制异常类 * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:42 */public class FileSizeLimitExceededException extends FileException {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    public FileSizeLimitExceededException(long defaultMaxSize) {        super("upload.exceed.maxSize", new Object[]{defaultMaxSize});    }}

7.InvalidExtensionException.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception.file;/** * @description: 文件上传错误异常类 * @author: youcong * @time: 2020/9/28 11:42 */import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;import java.util.Arrays;public class InvalidExtensionException extends FileUploadException {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String[] allowedExtension;    private String extension;    private String filename;    public InvalidExtensionException(String[] allowedExtension, String extension, String filename) {        super("filename : [" + filename + "], extension : [" + extension + "], allowed extension : [" + Arrays.toString(allowedExtension) + "]");        this.allowedExtension = allowedExtension;        this.extension = extension;        this.filename = filename;    }    public String[] getAllowedExtension() {        return allowedExtension;    }    public String getExtension() {        return extension;    }    public String getFilename() {        return filename;    }    public static class InvalidImageExtensionException extends InvalidExtensionException {        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;        public InvalidImageExtensionException(String[] allowedExtension, String extension, String filename) {            super(allowedExtension, extension, filename);        }    }    public static class InvalidFlashExtensionException extends InvalidExtensionException {        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;        public InvalidFlashExtensionException(String[] allowedExtension, String extension, String filename) {            super(allowedExtension, extension, filename);        }    }    public static class InvalidMediaExtensionException extends InvalidExtensionException {        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;        public InvalidMediaExtensionException(String[] allowedExtension, String extension, String filename) {            super(allowedExtension, extension, filename);        }    }    public static class InvalidVideoExtensionException extends InvalidExtensionException {        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;        public InvalidVideoExtensionException(String[] allowedExtension, String extension, String filename) {            super(allowedExtension, extension, filename);        }    }}

8.BaseException.java

package com.springcloud.blog.admin.exception;/** * 基础异常 * * @author youcong */public class BaseException extends RuntimeException {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * 所属模块     */    private String module;    /**     * 错误码     */    private String code;    /**     * 错误码对应的参数     */    private Object[] args;    /**     * 错误消息     */    private String defaultMessage;    public BaseException(String module, String code, Object[] args, String defaultMessage) {        this.module = module;        this.code = code;        this.args = args;        this.defaultMessage = defaultMessage;    }    public BaseException(String module, String code, Object[] args) {        this(module, code, args, null);    }    public BaseException(String module, String defaultMessage) {        this(module, null, null, defaultMessage);    }    public BaseException(String code, Object[] args) {        this(null, code, args, null);    }    public BaseException(String defaultMessage) {        this(null, null, null, defaultMessage);    }    public String getModule() {        return module;    }    public String getCode() {        return code;    }    public Object[] getArgs() {        return args;    }    public String getDefaultMessage() {        return defaultMessage;    }}

二、单文件上传代码

@PostMapping("/post/uploadFile")@ApiOperation("文章上传特色图片")public ResponseBaseDTO uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {    logger.info("/post/uploadFile");    try {        String fileUrl = FileUploadUtils.upload(file);        if (fileUrl != null) {            return ResponseBaseDTO.createSuccResp(fileUrl);        }        return ResponseBaseDTO.createFailResp(fileUrl);    } catch (Exception e) {        logger.error("/post/uploadFile", e);        return ResponseBaseDTO.createFailResp(e.getMessage());    }}

三、多文件上传代码

@PostMapping("/batchImportsUsers")@ApiOperation("批量导入用户数据小时")public ResponseBaseDTO batchImportsUsers(MultipartFile[] uploadFiles) {    if (uploadFiles.length > 0) {        for (int i = 0; i < uploadFiles.length; i++) {            try {                importUserExcelData(uploadFiles[i]);            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        return ResponseBaseDTO.createSuccResp();    }    return ResponseBaseDTO.createFailResp(e.getMessage());}

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