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Oracle 11G RMAN 单实例异机恢复

发表于:2025-01-28 作者:千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月28日,数据备份当然是为数据恢复准备,新环境的oracle一直在进行备份,但都没有测试验证备份的有效性,所以本次测试的重要性不言而喻了!以下为WIN平台下RMAN异机恢复实例。源库目标库操作系统WIN SVR
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月28日Oracle 11G RMAN 单实例异机恢复

数据备份当然是为数据恢复准备,新环境的oracle一直在进行备份,但都没有测试验证备份的有效性,所以本次测试的重要性不言而喻了!以下为WIN平台下RMAN异机恢复实例。


源库

目标库

操作系统

WIN SVR 2008 R2

WIN SVR 2008 R2

主机名

Ora

ORATEST

IP

192.168.18.20

192.168.18.25

数据库版本

11.2.0.1.0

11.2.0.1.0

存储方式

单实例

单实例

ORACLE_HOME

D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1

D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1

ORACLE_SID

HWPROD

HWPROD

源库备份操作:

相关备份配置及脚本如下:

RMAN> show all;

db_unique_name HWPROD 的数据库的 RMAN 配置参数为:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERYWINDOW OF 3 DAYS; #保留备份为3

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; #default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; #default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; #需要打开自动备份

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FORDEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'e:\data_backup\

ctl_%F.bak'; #指定备份控制文件及参数文件备份路径格式

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICETYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FORDEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; #default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; #default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; #default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' ASOF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOA

D TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TONONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHO

ME_1\DATABASE\SNCFHWPROD.ORA'; # default

full_backup.sql

run{allocate channel d1 type disk;  allocate channel d2 type disk;backup as compressed backupset fulldatabase format 'e:\data_backup\full_%d_%s_%p_%u_%t.bak';sql 'alter system archive logcurrent';  backup archivelog all format'e:\data_backup\log_%d_%s_%p_%u_%t.bak' delete all input; release channel d1;release channel d2;report obsolete;  crosscheck backup; delete noprompt expired backup; delete noprompt obsolete; }

full_backup.bat

set oracle_sid=hwprodset d=%date:~,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%echo=>e:\rman_script\log\full_backup_%d%.log rman target /cmdfile=e:\rman_script\full_backup.sqlmsglog=e:\rman_script\log\full_backup_%d%.log

RMAN恢复思路步骤:

  • 初始化数据库,安装相同环境;

  • 恢复参数文件;

  • 恢复控制文件;

  • 启动数据库到MOUNT状态,利用控制文件进行数据恢复;

  • 查看归档日志备份sequence

  • Restore -recover-alter database open ressetlogs;

  • 验证;

  • 设置监听

1、 系统安装完成后,安装ORACLE软件,选择只安装软件,并安装与源库相同路径,然后把相关备份文件拷贝到原备份路径,为避免不必要的麻烦,建议设置与源库一致。

2、建立相关的密码文件,服务,监听器,否则无法连接DB

C:\Users\Administrator>D: D:\>cd D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>orapwd file=D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\pwdhwprod.ora password=oracle entries=5; D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>oradim -new -sid HWPROD -startmode m实例已创建。 D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>set ORACLE_SID=HWPROD

D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>


D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN>sqlplus/ as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 4 21 14:19:482017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL>

此时可以连接到DB了。

3、手动建立一个pfile文件(目的是使用数据库启动到nomount状态),放到D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database目录下,inithwprod.ora内容如下:

db_name=HWPROD

java_pool_size=4194304

large_pool_size=4194304

shared_pool_size=96468992

以此pfile启动数据库到nomount状态:

SQL> startuppfile='D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\inithwprod.ora' nomount;

ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 162873344 bytes

Fixed Size 2173800 bytes

Variable Size 104858776 bytes

Database Buffers 50331648 bytes

Redo Buffers 5509120 bytes

4、切换到RMAN下,并SETDBID=3279461817(源库DBID


5创建flash_recovery_areaORADATA目录,否则恢复数据时会报错ORA-01263: Name given for file destination directory is invalid

建立相关目录:


6、恢复spfile文件:

Restore SPfile文件,找到源spfile备份相关文件进行恢复:

RMAN> restore spfile from'e:\data_backup\CTL_C-3279461817-20180116-00.BAK';



恢复参数文件完成后,shutdown 数据库,退出RMAN,找到恢复的参数文件把相关参数copy并修改到inithwprod.ora文件里(这里应该注意,源库可能空间较大,如果设置不当,启动数据库到nomount时会报ORA-27102 out of memory 等错误,所以关于sga,pga等酌情根据目标库修改)

以下为修改后的inithwprod.ora文件内容:

hwprod.__java_pool_size=33554432hwprod.__large_pool_size=33554432hwprod.__oracle_base='d:\app\Administrator'#ORACLE_BASE set from environmenthwprod.__pga_aggregate_target=536870912hwprod.__sga_target=536870912hwprod.__shared_io_pool_size=0hwprod.__shared_pool_size=536870912hwprod.__streams_pool_size=16777216*.audit_file_dest='d:\app\Administrator\admin\hwprod\adump'*.audit_trail='db'*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'*.control_files='d:\app\Administrator\oradata\hwprod\control01.ctl','d:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area\hwprod\control02.ctl'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_domain='hwprod_test'*.db_name='hwprod'*.db_recovery_file_dest='d:\app\Administrator\flash_recovery_area'*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648*.diagnostic_dest='d:\app\Administrator'*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=hwprodXDB)'*.log_archive_format='ARC%S_%R.%T'*.memory_target=1073741824*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'*.nls_territory='CHINA'*.open_cursors=100*.processes=500*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

修改完成后再进入RMAN,并把数据库startup nomount 状态

SQL> startup nomount pfile='D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\inithwprod.ora' ;


7此时可以进行恢复控制文件,找到源控制文件备份相关文件进行恢复:

RMAN> restore controlfile from'E:\data_backup\CTL_C-3279461817-20170427-01';

控制文件恢复完成后,接下来把数据库修改为MOUNT状态:

8、查看归档日志备份的状态,其最大sequence18437

RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;

9、进行数据文件恢复:

RMAN> run {2> set until sequence 18437;3> restore database;4> }

RMAN> run {2> set until sequence 18437;3> recover database;4> }

10resetlogs 打开数据库:

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

11、查看数据库状态:

12、添加注册表SID

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_OraDb11g_home1"ORACLE_SID"="HWPROD"


13、创建SPfile参数文件

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

可以看到相关路径已经创建新的参数文件:


14、重启数据库,是否以SPFILE启动:

SQL> select decode(count(*),1,'spfile','pfile') from v$spparameter where  rownum=1 and isspecified = 'TRUE';

15、修改listener.ora,tnsnames.ora

listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST =   (SID_DESC =     (GLOBAL_DBNAME = HWPROD)     (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)     (SID_NAME = HWPROD)    )  ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION =   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ORATEST)(PORT = 1521))  ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\log

tnsnames.ora

 # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools. HWPROD = (DESCRIPTION =   (ADDRESS_LIST =     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.18.25)(PORT = 1521))    )   (CONNECT_DATA =     (SERVICE_NAME = HWPROD)    )  )

查看监听状态:

验证数据,OK!

2018-01-16更新

参考:http://blog.itpub.net/29119536/viewspace-1171894/


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