ElasticSearch中如何使用多种搜索方式检索数据
发表于：2025-01-23 作者：千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月23日，这篇文章给大家介绍ElasticSearch中如何使用多种搜索方式检索数据，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。1、query string search查询（1）、全量
千家信息网最后更新 2025年01月23日ElasticSearch中如何使用多种搜索方式检索数据
这篇文章给大家介绍ElasticSearch中如何使用多种搜索方式检索数据，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。
1、query string search查询
（1）、全量查询
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search结果：
{ "took": 38, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": 1.0, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaoxiao meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] } } ] }}解释：
took 标识检索花费的时间，单位毫秒 time_out 是否超时 _shards 数据拆分成了5个分片，所以对于搜索请求，会打到所有的primary shard(或者是它的某个replica shard也可以) total 检索5个分片 successful 成功5个 hits.total 检索到数据的总记录数 hits.max_score 相似度分数 最高为1 hits.hits 数据集合 hits.hits._index 索引名称 hits.hits._type 类型 hits.hits._score 数据评分 hits.hits._source 数据项内容
（2）、根据商品名称检索，按价格倒叙排列
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc结果：
{ "took": 71, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] }, "sort": [ 40 ] }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaoxiao meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] }, "sort": [ 30 ] }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] }, "sort": [ 25 ] } ] }}2、query DSL查询
DSL：Domain Specified Language.特定领域的语言
http request body :请求体，可以用json的格式来构建查询语法，比较方便，可以构建各种复杂的语法，比query string search肯定强大多了。
（1）、全量查询
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match_all":{} }}结果：
{ "took": 23, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": 1.0, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaoxiao meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 1.0, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] } } ] }}(2) 、全量查询返回指定属性值
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match_all":{} }, "_source":["name","price"]}返回结果：
{ "took": 57, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": 1, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 25, "name": "jiajieshi yagao" } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 30, "name": "gaolujie yagao" } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 1, "_source": { "price": 40, "name": "zhonghua yagao" } } ] }}（3）、按商品名称搜索并按价格倒叙排列
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match":{ "name":"yagao" } }, "sort":{ "price":"desc" }}结果：
{ "took": 384, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] }, "sort": [ 40 ] }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaoxiao meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] }, "sort": [ 30 ] }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] }, "sort": [ 25 ] } ] }}3、query filter查询
搜索商品名称包含yagao,而且售价大于30元的商品
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "bool":{ "must":{ "match":{ "name":"yagao" } }, "filter":{ "range":{ "price":{ "gt":"30" } } } } }}返回结果：
{ "took": 88, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 0.25811607, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 0.25811607, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] } } ] }}4、full-text search查询
准备数据：
PUT http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/4{ "name":"special yagao", "desc":"special meibai", "price":"50", "producer":"special yagao producer", "tags":["meibai"]}http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match":{ "producer":"yagao producer" } }}检索时候会把"yagao producer" 分割成"yagao" 和"producer" 只要匹配上任何一个就是符合的数据
结果
{ "took": 20, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 0.70293105, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "4", "_score": 0.70293105, "_source": { "name": "special yagao", "desc": "special meibai", "price": "50", "producer": "special yagao producer", "tags": [ "meibai" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": 0.25811607, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaolujie meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 0.25811607, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": 0.1805489, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] } } ] }}最匹配的相关度评分高，会排在最前面。
5、phrase search查询
对要搜索的词不再分词
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "producer":"yagao producer" } }}结果：
{ "took": 33, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 1, "max_score": 0.70293105, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "4", "_score": 0.70293105, "_source": { "name": "special yagao", "desc": "special meibai", "price": "50", "producer": "special yagao producer", "tags": [ "meibai" ] } } ] }}6、highlight search查询
GET http://{{es-host}}/ecommerce/produce/_search{ "query":{ "match":{ "name":"yagao" } }, "highlight":{ "fields":{ "name":{} } }}结果：
{ "took": 16, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 4, "max_score": 0.25811607, "hits": [ { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "1", "_score": 0.25811607, "_source": { "name": "gaolujie yagao", "desc": "gaolujie meibai", "price": 30, "producer": "gaolujie producer", "tags": [ "meibai", "fangzhu" ] }, "highlight": { "name": [ "gaolujie yagao" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "3", "_score": 0.25811607, "_source": { "name": "zhonghua yagao", "desc": "caoben zhiwu", "price": 40, "producer": "zhonghua producer", "tags": [ "qingxin" ] }, "highlight": { "name": [ "zhonghua yagao" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "2", "_score": 0.16358379, "_source": { "name": "jiajieshi yagao", "desc": "youxiao fangzhu", "price": 25, "producer": "jiajieshi producer", "tags": [ "fangzhu" ] }, "highlight": { "name": [ "jiajieshi yagao" ] } }, { "_index": "ecommerce", "_type": "produce", "_id": "4", "_score": 0.16358379, "_source": { "name": "special yagao", "desc": "special meibai", "price": "50", "producer": "special yagao producer", "tags": [ "meibai" ] }, "highlight": { "name": [ "special yagao" ] } } ] }}关于ElasticSearch中如何使用多种搜索方式检索数据就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
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