CentOS 7中怎么搭建LNMP环境

这篇文章给大家介绍CentOS 7中怎么搭建LNMP环境，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。

1，安装epel源

yum install -y epel-release

2， 安装需要的软件

yum install -y gcc automake autoconf libtool make gcc-c++ glibc libxslt-devel \libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 \libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 \bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel \krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel libmcrypt \libmcrypt-devel cmake

1，下载的软件，先找好需要下载的软件的下载地址

cat > /usr/local/src/url << "EOF"http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gzhttp://jp2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.39.tar.gzhttps://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gzEOF

2，开始下载

wget -P /usr/local/src -i /usr/local/src/url

3，解压

cd /usr/local/srcfor i in *.tar.gz ; do tar zxvf $i; done

3，安装MySQL

安装依赖包

yum install -y  gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses ncurses-devel bison

mysql5.7 编译安装需要boost 库，这里官网下载含boost的源码包

添加用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

建立所需目录并更改所有者为mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql/datachown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

将下载好的mysql 解压到/usr/local/mysql 目录下

mv /usr/local/src/mysql-boost-5.7.25 /usr/local/mysql

切换到/usr/local/mysql-5.7.25 目录下，编译安装

cmake -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_BOOST=boost

make && make install

安装好后的/usr/local/mysql目录结构

配置

编辑/etc/my.cnf （ 如果没有则创建）
我这边的一个配置文件内容如下

[client]port        = 3306socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld]port        = 3306socket      = /tmp/mysql.sockuser = mysqlbasedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /data/mysql/datapid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pidlog_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.logslow_query_log = 1long_query_time = 1slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.logskip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 32Mmax_allowed_packet = 1024Mtable_open_cache = 128sort_buffer_size = 768Knet_buffer_length = 8Kread_buffer_size = 768Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8Mthread_cache_size = 16query_cache_size = 16Mtmp_table_size = 32Mperformance_schema_max_table_instances = 1000explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true#skip-networkingmax_connections = 500max_connect_errors = 100open_files_limit = 65535log_bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=mixedserver_id   = 232expire_logs_days = 10early-plugin-load = ""default_storage_engine = InnoDBinnodb_file_per_table = 1innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128Minnodb_log_file_size = 32Minnodb_log_buffer_size = 8Minnodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehash[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 32Msort_buffer_size = 768Kread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M

以上配置内容非必须，可依据实际情况，做相应的调整！

把安装目录用户和组更改为mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql  /usr/local/mysql

把数据库数据目录用户和组更改为mysql （ 数据库数据目录：/data/mysql/data），方法同上!
注：/data/mysql/data目录下一定要为空才行

初始化mysql

./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

注:到这一步很容易出问题，在初始化的时候一定要加上面的参数，而且在执行这一步操作前/data/mysql/data 这个目录必须是空的；在这里指定的basedir 和 datadir 目录必须要和/etc/my.cnf 配置的目录一直才行。

拷贝可执行配置文件

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

注:有些网友文章在这一步中会写到从/usr/local/mysql/support-files 这个目录复制my-default.cnf 到/etc/下作为my.cnf 配置文件，我这里没有这个文件，所以直接在配置环节，自己配置了一个my.cnf文件。

启动

service mysqld start

注：这一步也是很容易出问题的地方，当这里出现问题的时候，不要慌，看mysql 错误日志的内容，一般根据mysql 错误日志的提示都能很好的解决问题。

测试连接

./mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p

无需密码即可连接成功

修改环境变量
在/etc/profile 中新增一行

PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

保存退出

source /etc/profile

设置开机自启动

systemctl enable mysqld

登录MySql并修改root密码

#mysql -uroot -pmysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new psd';

4，安装PHP； 创建php账户进入目录

useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpmcd /usr/local/src/php-5.6.39

1， 编译

./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/php \--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \--enable-fpm \--with-fpm-user=php-fpm \--with-fpm-group=php-fpm \--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \--with-libxml-dir \--enable-pcntl \--enable-mysqlnd \--enable-opcache \--enable-sockets \--enable-sysvmsg \--enable-sysvsem \--enable-sysvshm \--enable-shmop \--enable-zip \--enable-soap \--enable-xml \--enable-mbstring \--disable-rpath \--disable-debug \--disable-fileinfo \--with-pcre-regex \--with-iconv \--with-zlib \--with-mcrypt \--with-gd \--with-jpeg-dir \--with-png-dir \--enable-gd-native-ttf \--with-freetype-dir \--with-openssl \--with-mhash \--with-xmlrpc \--with-curl \--with-pear \--enable-ftp \--enable-exif \--disable-ipv6 \--with-imap-ssl

解决php编译报错configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.方法一：yum install -y epel-releaseyum install -y libmcrypt-devel两个不能一起安装,因为CentOs6默认的yum源没有 libmcrypt-devel这个包,只能借助epel的yum源,所以先安装epel,再安装libmcrypt。方法二：报错内容：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt网上搜索了很多，包括自带的 yum install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel，这个是没有效果的。去SourceForget下载libmcrypt http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/ ，最新版是mcrypt 2.6.7.gz。下载下来安装仍旧报错libmcrypt没有找到！继续测试，最后安装成功，感觉是版本太高。方法（关键点在用 2.5.7版本）：#使用wget可以通过以下路径下载wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/attic/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz  #解压tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz  #进入目录cd libmcrypt-2.5.7  #编译（默认安装到/usr/local/lib/）./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt  #执行安装make && make install　　再回到PHP-5.5.13解压缩的ext目录的mcrypt里面 phpize  ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config \  --with-libmcrypt=/usr/lib/libmcrypt  make  make test  make install  vim /etc/php.ini   #加入extension=mcrypt.so

2，安装

make && make install

3，修改配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.inivi /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf

4，写入如下内容

[global]pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.socklisten.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024

5，设置启动文件，开机启动

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmchmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpmchkconfig --add php-fpmchkconfig php-fpm onservice php-fpm startps aux |grep php-fpm

5，安装nginx

1，进入目录编译

cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

2，开始安装

make &&  make install

3，修改启动文件

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

4，写入以下内容

#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: - 30 21# description: http service.# Source Function Library. /etc/init.d/functions# Nginx SettingsNGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"RETVAL=0prog="Nginx"start(){    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}stop(){    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}reload(){    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP    RETVAL=$?    echo    return $RETVAL}restart(){    stop    start}configtest(){    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t    return 0}case "$1" in  start)        start        ;;  stop)        stop        ;;  reload)        reload        ;;  restart)        restart        ;;  configtest)        configtest        ;;  *)        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"        RETVAL=1esacexit $RETVAL

5，设置启动权限，开机启动

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginxchkconfig --add nginxchkconfig nginx on

6， 修改配置文件，站点目录

mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bakvi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user nobody nobody;worker_processes 2;error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events{    use epoll;    worker_connections 6000;}http{    include mime.types;    default_type application/octet-stream;    server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;    server_names_hash_max_size 4096;    log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'    ' $host "$request_uri" $status'    ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';    sendfile on;    tcp_nopush on;    keepalive_timeout 30;    client_header_timeout 3m;    client_body_timeout 3m;    send_timeout 3m;    connection_pool_size 256;    client_header_buffer_size 1k;    large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;    request_pool_size 4k;    output_buffers 4 32k;    postpone_output 1460;    client_max_body_size 10m;    client_body_buffer_size 256k;    client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;    fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;    tcp_nodelay on;    gzip on;    gzip_min_length 1k;    gzip_buffers 4 8k;    gzip_comp_level 5;    gzip_http_version 1.1;    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm    application/xml;    server    {        listen 80;        server_name localhost;        index index.html index.htm index.php;        root /usr/local/nginx/html;        location ~ \.php$        {            include fastcgi_params;            fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;            fastcgi_index index.php;            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;        }        }}

6，查看配置是否有错误，启动监听端口是否启动

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t/etc/init.d/nginx  startnetstat -lntp |grep 80

测试php解析

vi /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php //加入如下内容

curl localhost/1.php

附：设置默认虚拟主机和多站点配置

增加vhost文件夹用于配置多站点

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

include vhost/*.conf
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
cd !$; vim default.conf //加入如下内容

server
{
listen 80 default_server; // 有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
server_name aaa.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/default;
}

mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default/
echo "This is a default site.">/data/wwwroot/default/index.html
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
curl localhost
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 123.com

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