转载连接 http://blog.itpub.net/12679300/viewspace-2144619/
【前言】测试环境中经常需要多台mysql数据库来进行各种环境和场景的模拟,由于测试环境中的资源一般都是比较有限的,也就需要在一台服务器上面搭建多个mysql数据库来完成测试的需求。本文档介绍在Centos6.4的环境中安装多个mysql 5.7数据库的操作方法。
【1】mysql数据库软件的安装
mysql数据库软件官方提供了三种的安装文件和方法,如下:
RPM方式安装
二进制方式安装
源码编译安装
虽然源码安装的方式比较麻烦,但是个人还是习惯用源码的方案安装,mysql5.7的安装跟早起5.5的安装方式和步骤也几乎一样所以这里就不再说明了。
【2】创建多个数据库
软件的安装完成其实都是一样的,就是创建数据库的时候有点不一样。
2.1 进行数据文件目录的规划,本环境安装了5个数据库,在/data下面创建5个文件夹,并用端口号区分
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[ root@db01 data ] # pwd
/data
[ root@db01 data ] # ll
drwxr - xr - x . 6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 8 05 : 00 mysql3306
drwxr - xr - x . 6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21 : 46 mysql3307
drwxr - xr - x . 7 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21 : 46 mysql3308
drwxr - xr - x . 6 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21 : 46 mysql3309
drwxr - xr - x . 5 mysql mysql 4096 7月 20 21 : 46 mysql3310
2.2 进行参数文件的配置
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2.3 创建数据库,创建的过程中需要记录数据库的初始密码
依次创建其他数据库,记录默认的随机密码
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mysql3308的安装
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mysql3309的安装
[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # /usr/ local / mysql/bin/mysqld - - initialize - - datadir = / data/mysql3309
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 32 . 801680Z 0 [ Warning ] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated . Please use - - explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option ( see documentation for more details ) .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 35 . 102950Z 0 [ Warning ] InnoDB : New log files created , LSN = 45790
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 35 . 443411Z 0 [ Warning ] InnoDB : Creating foreign key constraint system tables .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 35 . 557451Z 0 [ Warning ] No existing UUID has been found , so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started . Generating a new UUID : 69acd736 - 6d58 - 11e7 - a436 - 000c29a755d3 .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 35 . 562713Z 0 [ Warning ] Gtid table is not ready to be used . Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 33 : 35 . 607109Z 1 [ Note ] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost : sDXL5hh71I > R
数据库mysql3310
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[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # /usr/ local / mysql/bin/mysqld - - initialize - - datadir = / data/mysql3310
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 14 . 881243Z 0 [ Warning ] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated . Please use - - explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option ( see documentation for more details ) .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 17 . 227399Z 0 [ Warning ] InnoDB : New log files created , LSN = 45790
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 17 . 744012Z 0 [ Warning ] InnoDB : Creating foreign key constraint system tables .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 17 . 904000Z 0 [ Warning ] No existing UUID has been found , so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started . Generating a new UUID : 82ea694b - 6d58 - 11e7 - a566 - 000c29a755d3 .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 17 . 908498Z 0 [ Warning ] Gtid table is not ready to be used . Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened .
2017 - 07 - 20T14 : 34 : 17 . 923365Z 1 [ Note ] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost : Rq4 * Teq#l ; Ve
【3】 修改数据库的初始密码
先启动数据库
[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # /usr/ local / mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start
修改默认密码
[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # mysqladmin - u root - p - P 3307 - S /tmp/mysql . sock7 password
Enter password : 输入默认密码
New password :
Confirm new password :
Warning : Since password will be sent to server in plain text , use ssl connection to ensure password safety .
登录数据库
[root@db01 mysql3307]# mysql -P 3307 -S /tmp/mysql.sock7 -u root - p
用默认的密码登录会有以下的提示信息:
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mysql > show databases ;
ERROR 1820 ( HY000 ) : You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement .
【4】设置mysqld_multi stop的关闭权限
默认的情况下,不能通过mysqld_multi关闭数据库,需要进行额外的设置,步骤如下:
创建mysql关闭的用户
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[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # mysql - u root - p - P 3310 - S /tmp/mysql . sock10
Enter password :
mysql > grant shutdown on * . * to 'mysql' @ 'localhost' identified by 'mysql' ;
mysql > flush privileges
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[ root@db01 mysql3307 ] # cat /etc/my . cnf
[ mysqld_multi ]
mysqld = /usr/ local / mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
#basedir = /usr/ local / mysql
mysqladmin = /usr/ local / mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = mysql
pass = mysql
通过以上的操作,便完成了在单台服务器上面安装多个mysql数据库的操作;
附加:常用的操作语句
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start #启动所有的数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 7 #启动单台数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop #关闭所有的数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi stop 7 #关闭单台数据库