如何用golang处理文本小计

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很简单的解决方案，原文格式更加，见笑。

Env

• linux 64bit

• go version go1.7.4 linux/amd64

• physical machine

• smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64] (local build)

任务

使用smartctl命令收集物理机上的硬盘信息。需要的硬盘信息如下：

• date: '2016-02-09', string

• serial_number: MJ0351YNG9Z0XA, string

• model: Hitachi HDS5C3030ALA630, string

• capacity_bytes: 3000592982016, string

• normalize: 100, int

• raw: 32296, string

以上需要的信息都可以通过smartctl配合相关参数拿到，但是格式是很原始，需要我们根据需求抽取出真正需要的信息。

比如normalize和raw是硬盘的属性信息，可通过smartctl -A device获取：

➜  ~ sudo smartctl -A /dev/sdasmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   118   099   006    Pre-fail  Always       -       199795992  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0003   097   097   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       149  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   077   060   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       54764573  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   089   089   000    Old_age   Always       -       9792 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       149183 Runtime_Bad_Block       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0184 End-to-End_Error        0x0032   100   100   099    Old_age   Always       -       0187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0188 Command_Timeout         0x0032   100   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       2 2 2189 High_Fly_Writes         0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022   060   055   045    Old_age   Always       -       40 (Min/Max 26/40)191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       25193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       4708194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   040   045   000    Old_age   Always       -       40 (0 6 0 0 0)197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0240 Head_Flying_Hours       0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       9049h+51m+35.226s241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       4749106878242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       126575500815

厂商这类静态信息可通过sudo smartctl -i device获取：

➜  ~ sudo smartctl -i /dev/sdasmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Model Family:     Seagate Barracuda 7200.14 (AF)Device Model:     ST1000DM003-1ER162Serial Number:    W4Y3Z28ALU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 08a2c464eFirmware Version: CC46User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physicalRotation Rate:    7200 rpmDevice is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]ATA Version is:   ACS-2, ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3bSATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)Local Time is:    Tue Feb  7 17:53:34 2017 CST==> WARNING: A firmware update for this drive is available,see the following Seagate web pages:http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/207931enhttp://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/223651enSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: Enabled

我们该如何把里面的数据抽取出来呢？

想到的方法

• 正则表达式

• strings（golang stdlib）:处理字符串，分割、删除等

• strconv (golang stdlib）：处理字符串转换。

• os/exec：执行smartctl脚本，获取输出

注意事项

• 对于格式确定的文本，尽量根据格式过滤掉不需要的数据，只保留需要的数据。

lines := "    data1\n data2\n needed1\n needed2\nneeded := strings.Split(lines, " ")

• 对于分割，通常strings.Fields()优于strings.Split()。

package mainimport(  "strings"  "fmt")func main() {  lines := "194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   037   045   000    Old_age   Always       -       37 (0 6 0 0 0)"  useSplit(lines)  useFields(lines)}func useSplit(lines string) {  line := strings.Split(lines, " ")  fmt.Println(line)  fmt.Println(len(line))}func useFields(lines string) {  line := strings.Fields(lines)  fmt.Println(line)  fmt.Println(len(line))}/*output➜  gist go run main.go [194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   037   045   000    Old_age   Always       -       37 (0 6 0 0 0)]42[194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 037 045 000 Old_age Always - 37 (0 6 0 0 0)]15*/

• exec获取bash script的输出信息默认结尾是带一个\n换行符的，要记得处理掉:

package mainimport(  "os/exec"  "os"  "fmt")func main() {  devices := getDevices()  fmt.Println(devices)  fmt.Println(len(devices))}func getDevices() []string {        ret, err := exec.Command("/sbin/smartctl", "--scan").Output()     if err != nil {         log.Println("Execute /sbin/smartctl --scan error: %v", err)         os.Exit(-1)     }        linest := strings.Split(string(ret), "\n")     lines := linest[:len(linest)-1] // remove last extra line with output of bash command     var devList = []string{}     for _, line := range lines {         device := strings.Fields(line)[0]         devList = append(devList, device)     }        return devList }/*remove extra line[/dev/sda]1not remove extra line[/dev/sda ]2*/

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