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C#中Dictionary如何使用

发表于:2025-02-03 作者:千家信息网编辑
千家信息网最后更新 2025年02月03日,这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关C#中Dictionary如何使用,文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述,阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。用法1:常规用增加键值对之前需要判断是否存在该键,
千家信息网最后更新 2025年02月03日C#中Dictionary如何使用

这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关C#中Dictionary如何使用,文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述,阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。

用法1: 常规用

  增加键值对之前需要判断是否存在该键,如果已经存在该键而且不判断,将抛出异常。所以这样每次都要进行判断,很麻烦,在备注里使用了一个扩展方法

public static void DicSample1()

{

Dictionary pList = new Dictionary();

try

{

if (pList.ContainsKey("Item1") == false)

{

pList.Add("Item1", "ZheJiang");

}

if (pList.ContainsKey("Item2")== false)

{

pList.Add("Item2", "ShangHai");

}

else

{

pList["Item2"] = "ShangHai";

}

if (pList.ContainsKey("Item3") == false)

{

pList.Add("Item3", "BeiJiang");

}

}

catch (System.Exception e)

{

Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e.Message);

}

//判断是否存在相应的key并显示

if (pList.ContainsKey("Item1"))

{

Console.WriteLine("Output: " + pList["Item1"]);

}

//遍历Key

foreach (var key in pList.Keys)

{

Console.WriteLine("Output Key: {0}", key);

}

//遍历Value

foreach (String value in pList.Values)

{

Console.WriteLine("Output Value: {0}", value);

}

//遍历Key和Value

foreach (var dic in pList)

{

Console.WriteLine("Output Key : {0}, Value : {1} ", dic.Key, dic.Value);

}

}

用法2:Dictionary的Value为一个数组

///

/// Dictionary的Value为一个数组

///

public static void DicSample2()

{

Dictionary dic = new Dictionary();

String[] ZheJiang = { "Huzhou", "HangZhou", "TaiZhou" };

String[] ShangHai = { "Budong", "Buxi" };

dic.Add("ZJ", ZheJiang);

dic.Add("SH", ShangHai);

Console.WriteLine("Output :" + dic["ZJ"][0]);

}

用法3: Dictionary的Value为一个类

//Dictionary的Value为一个类

public static void DicSample3()

{

Dictionary stuList = new Dictionary();

Student stu = null;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++ )

{

stu = new Student();

stu.Name = i.ToString();

stu.Name = "StuName" + i.ToString();

stuList.Add(i.ToString(), stu);

}

foreach (var student in stuList)

{

Console.WriteLine("Output : Key {0}, Num : {1}, Name {2}", student.Key, student.Value.Name, student.Value.Name);

}

}

Student类:

public class Student

{

public String Num { get; set; }

public String Name { get; set; }

}

Dictionary的扩展方法使用

///

/// Dictionary的扩展方法使用

///

public static void DicSample4()

{

//1)普通调用

Dictionary dict = new Dictionary();

DictionaryExtensionMethodClass.TryAdd(dict, 1, "ZhangSan");

DictionaryExtensionMethodClass.TryAdd(dict, 2, "WangWu");

DictionaryExtensionMethodClass.AddOrPeplace(dict, 3, "WangWu");

DictionaryExtensionMethodClass.AddOrPeplace(dict, 3, "ZhangWu");

DictionaryExtensionMethodClass.TryAdd(dict, 2, "LiSi");

//2)TryAdd 和 AddOrReplace 这两个方法具有较强自我描述能力,用起来很省心,而且也简单:

dict.AddOrPeplace(20, "Orange");

dict.TryAdd(21, "Banana");

dict.TryAdd(22, "apple");

//3)像Linq或jQuery一样连起来写

dict.TryAdd(10, "Bob")

.TryAdd(11, "Tom")

.AddOrPeplace(12, "Jom");

//4) 获取值

String F = "Ba";

dict.TryGetValue(31, out F);

Console.WriteLine("F : {0}",F);

foreach (var dic in dict)

{

Console.WriteLine("Output : Key : {0}, Value : {1}", dic.Key, dic.Value);

}

//5)下面是使用GetValue获取值

var v1 = dict.GetValue(111,null);

var v2 = dict.GetValue(10,"abc");

//6)批量添加

var dict1 = new Dictionary();

dict1.AddOrPeplace(3, 3);

dict1.AddOrPeplace(5, 5);

var dict2 = new Dictionary();

dict2.AddOrPeplace(1, 1);

dict2.AddOrPeplace(4, 4);

dict2.AddRange(dict1, false);

}


扩展方法所在的类

public static class DictionaryExtensionMethodClass

{

///

/// 尝试将键和值添加到字典中:如果不存在,才添加;存在,不添加也不抛导常

///

public static Dictionary TryAdd(this Dictionary dict, TKey key, TValue value)

{

if (dict.ContainsKey(key) == false)

dict.Add(key, value);

return dict;

}

///

/// 将键和值添加或替换到字典中:如果不存在,则添加;存在,则替换

///

public static Dictionary AddOrPeplace(this Dictionary dict, TKey key, TValue value)

{

dict[key] = value;

return dict;

}

///

/// 获取与指定的键相关联的值,如果没有则返回输入的默认值

///

public static TValue GetValue(this Dictionary dict, TKey key, TValue defaultValue)

{

return dict.ContainsKey(key)?dict[key] : defaultValue;

}

///

/// 向字典中批量添加键值对

///

/// 如果已存在,是否替换

public static Dictionary AddRange(this Dictionary dict, IEnumerable> values, bool replaceExisted)

{

foreach (var item in values)

{

if (dict.ContainsKey(item.Key) == false || replaceExisted)

dict[item.Key] = item.Value;

}

return dict;

}

}

上述就是小编为大家分享的C#中Dictionary如何使用了,如果刚好有类似的疑惑,不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识,欢迎关注行业资讯频道。

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