FreeBSD中的常用操作有哪些

FreeBSD 是一个适用于现代服务器、桌面与嵌入式平台的先进操作系统。由一个庞大的开发人员团队持续开发超过三十年。FreeBSD先进的网络、安全性和存储方面的特色使得它成为许多大型网站以及最普遍的嵌入式网络与存储设备的平台选择。

1. 网络

重启网络的命令：

/etc/rc.d/netif restart , /etc/netstart restart

网络配置文件：

root@mhxy-compile02:~ # cat /etc/rc.confifconfig_em0="DHCP"sshd_enable="NO"ntpd_enable="YES"# Set dumpdev to "AUTO" to enable crash dumps, "NO" to disabledumpdev="AUTO"zfs_enable="YES"puppet_enable="YES"ipv6_enable="NO"hostname="mhxy-compile02.i.nease.net"nfs_client_enable="YES"rpc_lockd_enable="YES"rpc_statd_enable="YES"

2. SSH

命令：

/etc/rc.d/sshd start , /etc/rc.d/sshd restart

SSH配置文件：

root@mhxy-compile02:~ # cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config# THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY PUPPET.# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.# 1. BasicPort 32200Protocol 2# 2. AuthenticationHostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_keyHostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_keyKeyRegenerationInterval 3600ServerKeyBits 768UsePrivilegeSeparation yesLoginGraceTime 120PermitRootLogin noStrictModes yesRSAAuthentication yesPubkeyAuthentication yesPermitEmptyPasswords noChallengeResponseAuthentication noPasswordAuthentication noIgnoreRhosts yesRhostsRSAAuthentication noHostbasedAuthentication no# 3. FeaturesUseDNS noX11Forwarding yesX11DisplayOffset 10PrintMotd noPrintLastLog yesTCPKeepAlive yesAcceptEnv LANG LC_*# 4. LoggingSyslogFacility AUTHLogLevel INFO# 5. x509Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/sftp-server#CACertificateFile /etc/ssh/ca/ca.cer

3. 防火墙

1)停止ipfw防火墙：ipfw disable firewall  /etc/rc.d/ipfw stop2)开启ipfw防火墙：ipfw enable firewall  /etc/rc.d/ipfw start3）清防火墙ipf -Fa

4.赋予用户root权限

1）pw groupmod wheel -m2）pw user mod  -g wheel

5.查看CPU和内存

1)sysctl kern.smp.cpus或dmesg |grep cpu  #查看CPU个数2）dmesg|more或top   #查看内存