ubuntu14.04安装oracle12c及错误解决方法
1.更换apt源
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakvim /etc/apt/sources.listcat /etc/apt/sources.listdeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
2.更新系统
apt-get updateapt-get dist-upgrade -yinit 6 apt-get dist-upgrade -y
3.若ubuntu不是桌面版,则安装桌面
apt-get install x-window-system-core gnome-core -y
4.安装oracle依赖包
apt-get -y install alien binutils build-essential cpp-4.4 debhelper g++-4.4 gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gettext html2text lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0 intltool-debian ksh lib32bz2-dev lib32z1-dev libaio-dev libaio1 libbeecrypt7 libc6 libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libelf-dev libelf1 libltdl-dev libltdl7 libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 libqt4-core libqt4-gui libsqlite3-0 libstdc++5 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev lsb lsb-core lsb-cxx lsb-desktop lsb-graphics lsb-qt4 make odbcinst pax po-debconf rpm rpm-common sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev unzip
5.创建用户和用户组
addgroup oinstalladdgroup dbaaddgroup nobodyusermod -g nobody nobodyuseradd -g oinstall -G dba -p password -m -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oraclechown -R oracle:dba /home/oraclemkdir -p /u01/app/oraclemkdir -p /u01/binarieschown -R oracle:dba /u01
6.设置oracle用户密码及创建redhat标识
echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle (ubuntu不支持)echo 'Red Hat Linux release 6' | sudo tee -a /etc/redhat-release
7.创建redhat目录结构
mkdir /usr/lib64 ln -s /etc /etc/rc.d ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/ ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /lib64/ ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/
cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.originalecho "#Oracle 12C shell limits:" | tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle soft nproc 2048" | tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle hard nproc 16384"| tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle soft nofile 1024" | tee -a /etc/security/limits.confecho "oracle hard nofile 65536" | tee -a /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "#" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "# Oracle 12C entries" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "fs.aio-max-nr=1048576" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "fs.file-max=6815744" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmall=2097152" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmmni=4096" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.rmem_default=262144" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.rmem_max=4194304" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.wmem_default=262144" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "net.core.wmem_max=1048586" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.confecho "kernel.shmmax=1073741824" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p #使上面配置生效mkdir /etc/rc.d ;for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 S ;do sudo ln -s /etc/rc$i.d /etc/rc.d/rc$i.d ;done
安装VNC服务:
apt-get -y install vnc4servervncpasswd #设置vnc登录密码
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vim /home/oracle/.vnc/xstartup#!/bin/shexport XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1 unset SESSION_MANAGER unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS gnome-panel & gnome-settings-daemon & metacity & nautilus & gnome-terminal & --------------------------------chmod 777 /root/.vnc/xstartup
#需要将最后一行"x-window-manager &"改为我们自己的Ubuntu图形界面服务,那么改成什么呢?这就要看你Ubuntu是什么桌面环境了,Ubuntu有gnome、KDE、Unity等桌面环境。
如果是gnome桌面,改成gnome-session &;
如果是KDE桌面,改成startkde &;
如果是Unity桌面,首先去 /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/下看桌面session的名称
vncserver :1 #以oracle用户启动关闭vnc服务
vncserver -kill :1
#vnc客户端下载
https://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/windows/
为oracle环境配置变量
vim /home/oracle/.bashrcexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/binariesexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORACLE_UNQNAME=orclexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexport PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/;
将OpenJDK更改Oracle JDK
cd /opttar xf jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gzln -s jdk1.7.0_67/ /javavim /etc/profile#set java environmentexport JAVA_HOME=/opt/javaexport JRE_HOME=/opt/javaexport CLASSPATH==.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/libexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
source /etc/profilejava -version
8.安装oracle
cd /u01/binaries/unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zipunzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zipinit 6 #重启进入桌面
以oracle用户登录VNC,执行下面命令export DiSPLAY:0.0xhost +
cd /u01/binaries/database/./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs
#配置开机启动
vim /etc/orataborcl:/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y
vim /etc/profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1export ORACLE_OWNR=oracleexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_SID=orcl
vim /etc/rc.localsu - oracle -lc "/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart"su - oracle -lc "/u01/binaries/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop"
错误一:VNC无法打开桌面
解决:配置VNC登录用户家目录中的配置文件
错误二:java.lang.main classnotfind
解决:为oracle环境配置变量
vim /home/oracle/.bashrc
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/binaries
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK #unicode编码 无论配置成什么编码,格式一定要写对(language_territory.charset 语言_地域和字符集),否则会安装失败,或者不做配置(没试过)
export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/;
错误三:提示DISPLAY not set. Please set the DISPLAY and try again。
解决:
export DISPLAY=:0.0
xhost +
执行以上命令后,再次切换到oracle用户执行安装即可。
错误四:
解决:缺少包
apt-get -y install alien binutils build-essential cpp-4.4 debhelper g++-4.4 gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gettext html2text lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0 intltool-debian ksh lib32bz2-dev lib32z1-dev libaio-dev libaio1 libbeecrypt7 libc6 libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libelf-dev libelf1 libltdl-dev libltdl7 libmotif4 libodbcinstq4-1 libodbcinstq4-1:i386 libqt4-core libqt4-gui libsqlite3-0 libstdc++5 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.4-dev lsb lsb-core lsb-cxx lsb-desktop lsb-graphics lsb-qt4 make odbcinst pax po-debconf rpm rpm-common sysstat unixodbc unixodbc-dev unzip
错误五:提示insufficient disk space on this volume for the selected oracle home
解决:安装目录磁盘空间不足
错误六:无法启动安装界面,且无报错信息
解决:
以oracle用户登录VNC,执行下面命令
export DiSPLAY:0.0
xhost +
错误七:
解决:
http://www.techienote.com/install-oracle-12c-on-ubuntu/
错误八:lsnrctl 1070
解决:
vim /etc/profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_OWNR=oracle
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl