redis部署及各种数据类型使用命令的示例分析
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编译安装redis
开始部署
[root@mcw01 ~]$ lsanaconda-ks.cfg mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz[root@mcw01 ~]$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.10.tar.gz--2022-03-05 18:27:02-- http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.10.tar.gzResolving download.redis.io (download.redis.io)... 45.60.125.1Connecting to download.redis.io (download.redis.io)|45.60.125.1|:80... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 1738465 (1.7M) [application/octet-stream]Saving to: 'redis-4.0.10.tar.gz'100%[====================>] 1,738,465 63.4KB/s in 25s 2022-03-05 18:27:27 (68.2 KB/s) - 'redis-4.0.10.tar.gz' saved [1738465/1738465]anaconda-ks.cfg mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz redis-4.0.10.tar.gz[root@mcw01 ~]$ tar xf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz anaconda-ks.cfg mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz redis-4.0.10 redis-4.0.10.tar.gz[root@mcw01 ~]$ cd redis-4.0.10/[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ ls #有makefile文件,就不需要./configure配置00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-sentinel testsBUGS deps MANIFESTO runtest sentinel.conf utilsCONTRIBUTING INSTALL README.md runtest-cluster src[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ make
报错 gcc命令没有找到:
cd hiredis && make staticmake[3]: Entering directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/deps/hiredis'gcc -std=c99 -pedantic -c -O3 -fPIC -Wall -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -g -ggdb net.cmake[3]: gcc: Command not foundmake[3]: *** [net.o] Error 127make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/deps/hiredis'make[2]: *** [hiredis] Error 2make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/deps'make[1]: [persist-settings] Error 2 (ignored) CC adlist.o/bin/sh: cc: command not foundmake[1]: *** [adlist.o] Error 127make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/src'make: *** [all] Error 2
#解决编译安装所需的依赖环境继续部署
um install gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel openssl openssl-devel -y然后重新执行:[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ make #发现报错没有某个目录或文件。在这之前编译失败了,目录被改变了部分,所以直接删除重新解压,然后make编译......Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/src'[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ ls00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-sentinel testsBUGS deps MANIFESTO runtest sentinel.conf utilsCONTRIBUTING INSTALL README.md runtest-cluster src[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ make install cd src && make installmake[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis-4.0.10/src' CC Makefile.dep INSTALL install[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ [root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ redis-c #当编译好之后,就可以命令补全,也就是已经配置好环境变量了redis-check-aof redis-check-rdb redis-cli [root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$ which redis-server #默认编译安装到/usr/local下去了/usr/local/bin/redis-server[root@mcw01 ~/redis-4.0.10]$
redis服务端运行和客户端连接
[root@mcw01 ~]$ redis-server #安装好之后,直接运行这个命令24270:C 05 Mar 18:43:08.857 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo24270:C 05 Mar 18:43:08.857 # Redis version=4.0.10, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=24270, just started24270:C 05 Mar 18:43:08.857 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf _._ _.-``__ ''-._ _.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 4.0.10 (00000000/0) 64 bit .-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._ ( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in standalone mode |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379 | `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 24270 `-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-' |`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'| | `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io `-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-' | `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | `-._ `-.__.-' _.-' `-._ _.-' `-.__.-' 24270:M 05 Mar 18:43:08.880 # Server initialized24270:M 05 Mar 18:43:08.880 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.24270:M 05 Mar 18:43:08.880 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.24270:M 05 Mar 18:43:08.880 * Ready to accept connections客户端连接:[root@mcw01 ~]$ redis-cli 127.0.0.1 6379 ^C #我再开一个窗口,默认连接的ip 端口[root@mcw01 ~]$ redis-cli #连上之后,ping命令,返回pong,说明连接成功的127.0.0.1:6379> pingPONG127.0.0.1:6379>
redis配置
[root@mcw01 ~]$ ln -s redis-4.0.10 redis [root@mcw01 ~]$ lsanaconda-ks.cfg dump.rdb mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz redis redis-4.0.10 redis-4.0.10.tar.gz[root@mcw01 ~]$ ls redis00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-sentinel testsBUGS deps MANIFESTO runtest sentinel.conf utilsCONTRIBUTING INSTALL README.md runtest-cluster src[root@mcw01 ~]$ cd redis[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ egrep -v "^#|^$" redis.conf >mcwRedis.conf[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ cat mcwRedis.conf bind 127.0.0.1 protected-mode yes #保护模式开启,并且绑定ip是本机,应该是不支持远程访问,只支持本机访问。port 6379tcp-backlog 511timeout 0tcp-keepalive 300daemonize nosupervised nopidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pidloglevel noticelogfile ""databases 16always-show-logo yessave 900 1save 300 10save 60 10000stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yesrdbcompression yesrdbchecksum yesdbfilename dump.rdbdir ./slave-serve-stale-data yesslave-read-only yesrepl-diskless-sync norepl-diskless-sync-delay 5repl-disable-tcp-nodelay noslave-priority 100lazyfree-lazy-eviction nolazyfree-lazy-expire nolazyfree-lazy-server-del noslave-lazy-flush noappendonly noappendfilename "appendonly.aof"appendfsync everysecno-appendfsync-on-rewrite noauto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mbaof-load-truncated yesaof-use-rdb-preamble nolua-time-limit 5000slowlog-log-slower-than 10000slowlog-max-len 128latency-monitor-threshold 0notify-keyspace-events ""hash-max-ziplist-entries 512hash-max-ziplist-value 64list-max-ziplist-size -2list-compress-depth 0set-max-intset-entries 512zset-max-ziplist-entries 128zset-max-ziplist-value 64hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000activerehashing yesclient-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60hz 10aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$
redis简单配置并启动
[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ cat mcwRedis.conf bind 10.0.0.11protected-mode yesport 6379requirepass mcw123 #配置认证密码daemonize yes #后台守护进程的方式开启pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pidloglevel noticelogfile ""[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ [root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ ls 00-RELEASENOTES COPYING Makefile README.md runtest-cluster srcBUGS deps MANIFESTO redis.conf runtest-sentinel testsCONTRIBUTING INSTALL mcwRedis.conf runtest sentinel.conf utils[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ redis-server mcwRedis.conf #指定配置文件启动。这应该是后面有注释导致的吧,去掉注释*** FATAL CONFIG FILE ERROR ***Reading the configuration file, at line 4>>> 'requirepass mcw123 #配置认证密码'Bad directive or wrong number of arguments去掉注释,然后成功启动,这里不能在配置后面加注释,容易出错[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ vim mcwRedis.conf requirepass mcw123daemonize yes[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ redis-server mcwRedis.conf 24391:C 05 Mar 19:10:38.749 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo24391:C 05 Mar 19:10:38.749 # Redis version=4.0.10, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=24391, just started24391:C 05 Mar 19:10:38.749 # Configuration loaded[root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ netstat -lntup|grep redis #成功启动了tcp 0 0 10.0.0.11:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24392/redis-server [root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ redis-cli #现在直接这么连接就不行了Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refusednot connected> [root@mcw01 ~/redis]$ redis-cli -h 10.0.0.11 -p 6379 #指定ip端口连接10.0.0.11:6379> ping(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.10.0.0.11:6379> auth mcw123OK10.0.0.11:6379> ping #认证之后就可以正常执行命令了PONG10.0.0.11:6379>
set、get命令
10.0.0.11:6379> set name mcwOK10.0.0.11:6379> get name"mcw"10.0.0.11:6379> set age 18 OK10.0.0.11:6379> get age #它将值改为字符串类型的了"18"10.0.0.11:6379>
简单配置文件介绍
bind 192.168.182.130 #绑定服务端地址 protected-mode yes #安全模式 port 6800 #端口 requirepass haohaio #密码 daemonize yes #后台运行 pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid #进程id文件loglevel notice #日志等级logfile ""
redis基础数据类型
redis是一种高级的key:value存储系统,其中value支持五种数据类型
字符串(strings)
散列(hashes)
列表(lists)
集合(sets)
有序集合(sorted sets)
redis命令
redis简单命令
keys * 查看所有key
type key 查看key类型
expire key seconds 过期时间
ttl key 查看key过期剩余时间 -2表示key已经不存在了
persist 取消key的过期时间 -1表示key存在,没有过期时间
exists key 判断key存在 存在返回1 否则0
del keys 删除key 可以删除多个
dbsize 计算key的数量
flushdb #清除redis所有key,慎用
flushdb #清除redis所有key,慎用
flushdb #清除redis所有key,慎用
keys * 10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "age"2) "name"10.0.0.11:6379> set gender manOK1) "gender"2) "age"3) "name"10.0.0.11:6379> keys * 查看所有keytype key 查看key类型添加一个列表,查看key类型,是列表类型10.0.0.11:6379> type namestring10.0.0.11:6379> LPUSH paidui1 xiaoma mcw(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "paidui1"2) "gender"3) "age"4) "name"10.0.0.11:6379> type paidui1listexpire key seconds 过期时间ttl key 查看key过期剩余时间 -2表示key已经不存在了给已有的paidui1设置一个过期时间多少秒,然后ttl key可以查看过期时间,当-2时就已经过期了,过期了就已经被移除了10.0.0.11:6379> EXPIRE paidui1 10(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> ttl paidui1(integer) -2persist 取消key的过期时间 -1表示key存在,没有过期时间比如下面,将name设置50秒过期,当要取消name的过期时间,执行命令后,ttl值变成-1,就不会出现过期删除的情况了10.0.0.11:6379> EXPIRE name 5010.0.0.11:6379> ttl name(integer) 22(integer) 1910.0.0.11:6379> PERSIST name(integer) -1exists key 判断key存在 存在返回1 否则010.0.0.11:6379> exists name10.0.0.11:6379> exists mcw(integer) 0del keys 删除key 可以删除多个4) "myname"10.0.0.11:6379> del mynamedbsize 计算key的数量10.0.0.11:6379> dbsize(integer) 3flushdb #清除redis所有key,慎用10.0.0.11:6379> flushdb(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379>
字符串类型命令
redis数据类型1,字符串类型,通过set命令,设置字符串类型的key strings类型 set 设置key get 获取key append 追加string mset 设置多个键值对 mget 获取多个键值对 del 删除key incr 递增+1 decr 递减-1
set 设置keyget 获取keyappend 追加string10.0.0.11:6379> set "name" "mcw"OK10.0.0.11:6379> get name"mcw"10.0.0.11:6379> append "name" "Haoren"(integer) 910.0.0.11:6379> get name"mcwHaoren"10.0.0.11:6379> mset 设置多个键值对mget 获取多个键值对10.0.0.11:6379> mset name2 "xiaoma" "name3" xiaohongOK10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "name2"2) "name"3) "name3"10.0.0.11:6379> get name2"xiaoma"10.0.0.11:6379> get name3"xiaohong"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> mget name name2 name31) "mcwHaoren"2) "xiaoma"3) "xiaohong"10.0.0.11:6379> del 删除key10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "name2"2) "name"3) "name3"10.0.0.11:6379> del name(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> del name2 name3(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> keys *(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379> incr 递增+1decr 递减-1相当于把字符串转换为数字,计算后结果再改成字符串。还可以减为负值10.0.0.11:6379> keys *(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379> set "dian zan" 0OK10.0.0.11:6379> get "dian zan""0"10.0.0.11:6379> incr "dian zan"(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> incr "dian zan"(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> get "dian zan""2"10.0.0.11:6379> incr "dian zan"(integer) 310.0.0.11:6379> get "dian zan""3"10.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> get "dian zan""2"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "dian zan"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> get "dian zan""2"10.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) 010.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) -110.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) -210.0.0.11:6379> decr "dian zan"(integer) -3
list类型,双向队列
lpush 从列表左边插
rpush 从列表右边插
lrange 获取一定长度的元素 lrange key start stop
ltrim 截取一定长度列表
lpop 删除最左边一个元素
rpop 删除最右边一个元素
lpushx/rpushx key存在则添加值,不存在不处理
lpush 从列表左边插从左边插入,再从左边获取,先插入的在里面后取出,后插入的在左边先取出10.0.0.11:6379> keys *(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379> lpush paidui mcw1 mcw2 mcw3 mcw4(integer) 410.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw4"2) "mcw3"3) "mcw2"4) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> lpush paidui mcw5(integer) 510.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> rpush 从列表右边插从列表左边取,第一个取出来的是最后推入的,最后一个取出的是第一个推入的。可以想象成如下排队顺序, mcw5 mcw4 mcw3 mcw2 mcw1 当从右边推入mcw6的时候就是 :mcw5 mcw4 mcw3 mcw2 mcw1 mcw6当从左边取数据的时候就是:第一次取:mcw5第二次取: mcw4....第六次取:mcw610.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> rpush paidui mcw6(integer) 610.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"6) "mcw6"lrange 获取一定长度的元素 lrange key start stop取列表类型的数据,指定开始数据和结束数据,比如开始0,结束-1,这是取列表所有的值10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "paidui"10.0.0.11:6379> type paiduilist10.0.0.11:6379> get paidui #列表类型不能用get取值(error) WRONGTYPE Operation against a key holding the wrong kind of value10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paid 0 -1 #不存在的键(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> ltrim 截取一定长度列表根据查询可知列表数据顺序如下:mcw5 mcw4 mcw3 mcw2 mcw1索引分别是: 0 1 2 3 4 这里是从paidui左边截取,从索引1开始,从索引2结束,其中包含索引2的数据,截取之后,这个key的值就变成截取的值了mcw4 mcw3然后从左边查询,第一个查出来的数据就是mcw4,第二个就是mcw310.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> ltrim paidui 1 2OK10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw4"2) "mcw3"10.0.0.11:6379> lpop 删除最左边一个元素rpop 删除最右边一个元素根据lrange可以列表数据的顺序是:mcw5 mcw4 mcw3 mcw2 mcw1 mcw6所以从左边删除,删的是mcw5,从右边删除,删的是mcw610.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw5"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"6) "mcw6"10.0.0.11:6379> lpop paidui"mcw5"10.0.0.11:6379> rpop paidui"mcw6"10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw4"2) "mcw3"3) "mcw2"4) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> lpushx/rpushx key存在则添加值,不存在不处理不存在返回个0。默认key不存在会创建key的10.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "paidui"10.0.0.11:6379> lpushx paid mcw0(integer) 010.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "paidui"10.0.0.11:6379> lpushx paidui mcw0(integer) 510.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "paidui"10.0.0.11:6379> lrange paidui 0 -11) "mcw0"2) "mcw4"3) "mcw3"4) "mcw2"5) "mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379>
redis的集合,是一种无序的集合,集合中的元素没有先后顺序。
集合相关的操作也很丰富,如添加新元素、删除已有元素、取交集、取并集、取差集等。我们来看例子:
sadd/srem 添加/删除 元素
sismember 判断是否为set的一个元素
smembers 返回集合所有的成员
sdiff 返回一个集合和其他集合的差异
sinter 返回几个集合的交集
sunion 返回几个集合的并集
sadd/srem 添加/删除 元素smembers 返回集合所有的成员10.0.0.11:6379> keys *(empty list or set)10.0.0.11:6379> sadd zoo gou mao zhu #添加(integer) 31) "zoo"10.0.0.11:6379> type zooset10.0.0.11:6379> smembers zoo #查询1) "mao"2) "zhu"3) "gou"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> srem zoo zhu #删除(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> smembers zoo2) "gou"新增成员10.0.0.11:6379> sadd zoo zhu #新增sismember 判断是否为set的一个元素mao是集合zoo里的成员吗,是,返回的是1;zhu是集合zoo里的成员吗,不是,返回的是010.0.0.11:6379> sismember zoo mao10.0.0.11:6379> sismember zoo zhu(integer) 0sdiff 返回一个集合和其他集合的差异如下,sdiff 集合1 集合2 返回集合1中有的,而集合2中没有的。就是取差集1) "zoo2"2) "zoo"10.0.0.11:6379> smembers zoo21) "she"3) "shu"10.0.0.11:6379> sdiff zoo zoo210.0.0.11:6379> sdiff zoo2 zoo2) "shu"sinter 返回几个集合的交集如下,几个集合应该不只是包含两个集合10.0.0.11:6379> sinter zoo zoo21) "zhu"10.0.0.11:6379> sinter zoo2 zoosunion 返回几个集合的并集集合取并集,几个集合应该不只是能用两个集合10.0.0.11:6379> sunion zoo zoo24) "mao"5) "shu"10.0.0.11:6379>
哈希数据结构
hashes即哈希。哈希是从redis-2.0.0版本之后才有的数据结构。
hashes存的是字符串和字符串值之间的映射,比如一个用户要存储其全名、姓氏、年龄等等,就很适合使用哈希。
hset 设置散列值
hget 获取散列值
hmset 设置多对散列值
hmget 获取多对散列值
hsetnx 如果散列已经存在,则不设置(防止覆盖key)
hkeys 返回所有fileds
hvals 返回所有values
hlen 返回散列包含域(field)的数量
hdel 删除散列指定的域(field)
hexists 判断是否存在
hset 设置散列值hget 获取散列值10.0.0.11:6379> hset stu1 name "mcw" age 18 height "170"(integer) 310.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "stu1"10.0.0.11:6379> type stu1hash10.0.0.11:6379> hget stu1 name"mcw"10.0.0.11:6379> hget stu1 age"18"10.0.0.11:6379> hget stu1 height"170"10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> hset new1 title "happy new year" content "ni hao"(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> hmset 设置多对散列值hmget 获取多对散列值10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> keys * 1) "stu1"2) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> hmget stu1 name age height1) "mcw"2) "18"3) "170"10.0.0.11:6379> hsetnx 如果散列已经存在,则不设置(防止覆盖key)10.0.0.11:6379> hsetnx stu2 name "mcw2" age 18 height "168"(error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'hsetnx' command10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> hsetnx stu2 name "mcw2" (integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> hsetnx stu2 name "mcw2" (integer) 010.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> hsetnx stu2 name "mcw1" (integer) 010.0.0.11:6379> hget stu2 name #存在stu2,使用hsetnx没被修改"mcw2"10.0.0.11:6379> hset stu2 name "mcw1" (integer) 010.0.0.11:6379> hget stu2 name #存在stu2,使用hset被修改了"mcw1"10.0.0.11:6379> hkeys 返回所有fileds10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> hkeys stu11) "name"2) "age"3) "height"10.0.0.11:6379> hvals 返回所有values10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> hvals stu11) "mcw"2) "18"3) "170"10.0.0.11:6379> hlen 返回散列包含域(field)的数量10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> hkeys stu11) "name"2) "age"3) "height"10.0.0.11:6379> hlen stu1(integer) 310.0.0.11:6379> hkeys new11) "title"2) "content"10.0.0.11:6379> hlen new1(integer) 210.0.0.11:6379> hdel 删除散列指定的域(field)10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> type stu1hash10.0.0.11:6379> 10.0.0.11:6379> hkeys stu11) "name"2) "age"3) "height"10.0.0.11:6379> hdel stu1 height #删除指定字段(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> hkeys stu11) "name"2) "age"10.0.0.11:6379> hexists 判断是否存在10.0.0.11:6379> keys *1) "stu2"2) "stu1"3) "new1"10.0.0.11:6379> type stu1hash10.0.0.11:6379> hkeys stu11) "name"2) "age"10.0.0.11:6379> hexists stu1 name #存在字段返回1(integer) 110.0.0.11:6379> hexists stu1 height #不存在字段返回0(integer) 010.0.0.11:6379>
发布订阅
主要应用:通知,公告
可以作为消息队列或者消息管道
一个发布,多个订阅
发布:广播电台频道能发送给所有接收这个频道的人声音信息
订阅:很多人都能接收到这个广播电台的消息
比如qq群公告:一个发布,多个订阅(接收到)
如下,一个发布者,两个订阅者,订阅者1订阅跟python和linux频道有关的消息;订阅者2订阅和golang和Linux有感的消息
当发布者发布消息的时候,订阅者1接收到了订阅频道python发来的消息
当发布者发布给linux频道的时候,两个订阅人都接收到了消息。发布者这里还返回了几个订阅人接收到了消息。上面那条写错了发布到一个没有人订阅的频道上,返回0个订阅者
发布人发布的频道和接收的频道,这样写是需要精准判断,不能模糊匹配接收消息的
当订阅者这里使用psubscribe的时候,后面变成了模式
当订阅者使用psubscribe命令,且订阅的频道使用通配符的时候,那么发布者发布的能跟订阅者模糊匹配到的频道,就被订阅者接收到了
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