操作CDH元数据库MySQL主备详细教程

下文主要给大家带来操作CDH元数据库MySQL主备详细教程，希望这些内容能够带给大家实际用处，这也是我编辑操作CDH元数据库MySQL主备详细教程这篇文章的主要目的。好了，废话不多说，大家直接看下文吧。

• 内容概述

1.Master和Slave配置

2.构建主从复制

3.主从复制验证

• 测试环境

1.两台Linux云服务器（172.31.10.118(主)/172.31.5.190），操作系统为CentOS6.5

2.MySQL5.1.73

3.采用root用户操作

• 前置条件

1.两个MySQL版本必须一致

2.两个MySQL已安装好，且没有任何数据

3.主MySQL必须开启bin-log日志

2.MySQL主从复制

2.1Master和Slave配置

配置文件说明：

log-bin：开启二进制日志，日志文件前缀

server-id：数据库服务的唯一标识确保标识不重复，一般设置为云服务器ip的末尾数

binlog-format：设置Mysql binlog记录日志的格式（格式含：Statement、MIXED、ROW），MySQL默认使用的是Statement，推荐使用MIXED。

• Master主服务配置(172.31.10.118)

修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置

[root@ip-172-31-10-118 cloudera-scm-server]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockuser=mysql# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0log-bin=mysql-binserver-id=118binlog_format=MIXED[mysqld_safe]log-error=/var/log/mysqld.logpid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• Slave服务配置(172.31.5.190)

修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置

 [root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockuser=mysql# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0log-bin=mysql-binserver-id=190[mysqld_safe]log-error=/var/log/mysqld.logpid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• 修改配置后重启Master和Slave的MySQL服务。

[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# service mysqld restartStopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ][root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# 

2.1构建主从复制

1. 在Master(172.31.10.118) 主MySQL上创建一个mysnc用户

用户名：mysync 密码：mysync

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysync用户必须具有REPLICATION SLAVE权限。说明一下172.31.%，这个配置是指明mysync用户所在云服务器，这里%是通配符，表示IP以172.31开头的Server都可以使用mysync用户登陆Master主云服务器。也可以指定固定IP。

命令行操作

[root@ip-172-31-10-118 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 11Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.查看Master(172.31.10.118) MySQL二进制日志File与Position

mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000003 |     1121 |              |                  |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> 

3.在Slave从MySQL上执行如下SQL

change master tomaster_host='172.31.10.118',master_user='mysync',master_password='mysync',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=1121;

命令行执行

[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# mysql -uroot -p...Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution...mysql> change master to    -> master_host='172.31.10.118',    -> master_user='mysync',    -> master_password='mysync',    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',    -> master_log_pos=1121;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)mysql> 

4.在Slave从MySQL上执行命令，启动同步

mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> 

5.在Slave MySQL上查看Slave状态

mysql> show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: 172.31.10.118                  Master_User: mysync                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1121               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002                Relay_Log_Pos: 251        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes              Replicate_Do_DB:           Replicate_Ignore_DB:            Replicate_Do_Table:        Replicate_Ignore_Table:       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                    Last_Errno: 0                   Last_Error:                  Skip_Counter: 0          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1121              Relay_Log_Space: 407              Until_Condition: None               Until_Log_File:                 Until_Log_Pos: 0           Master_SSL_Allowed: No           Master_SSL_CA_File:            Master_SSL_CA_Path:               Master_SSL_Cert:             Master_SSL_Cipher:                Master_SSL_Key:         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No                Last_IO_Errno: 0                Last_IO_Error:                Last_SQL_Errno: 0               Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> 

注意：上图标注部分显示为"Yes"则表示主从复制构建成功。

2.3主从复制验证

1. 登录Master主MySQL上执行SQL

2.登录Slave从MySQL上执行SQL

3.在Master主MySQL上执行SQL

mysql> create database test;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> use test;Database changedmysql> create table table1(id int, name varchar(32));Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || test               |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show tables;+----------------+| Tables_in_test |+----------------+| table1         |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> 

4.在Slave从MySQL上执行SQL查看

mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || test               |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use test;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> show tables;+----------------+| Tables_in_test |+----------------+| table1         |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> 

通过上述测试，Master主MySQL创建的库和表都正常的同步到Slave从MySQL。

3.备注

• 如何停止并删除主从同步，在Slave从MySQL上执行如下SQL

mysql> stop slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> reset slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> 

注意：执行上述操作后，需要重启MySQL服务。

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