基于XtraBackup的备份有效性检查脚本

生产环境的MySQL是通过crontab的方式，定时调度热备脚本备份数据。目前是通过XtraBackup软件实现热备。关于热备脚本方面，请查看我原先的博客《使用shell实现mysql自动全备、增备&日志备份》：http://linzhijian.blog.51cto.com/1047212/1891745 ，这里不再展开说明。

备份存放：通过XtraBackup的流式备份，将备份异地存放到备份服务器上。

备份策略：周日全备，周一到周六增备。

目前缺漏：这些备份数据未能实现有效性检查，无法探知这些备份是否具有可用性，需要通过一定的机制实现有效性检测。

目前在备份机的备份文件列表如下：

drwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr   9 03:28 mysql01_20170409_023001_fulldrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 10 03:25 mysql01_20170410_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 11 03:26 mysql01_20170411_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 12 03:25 mysql01_20170412_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 13 03:26 mysql01_20170413_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 14 03:26 mysql01_20170414_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 15 03:27 mysql01_20170415_023001_incrdrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 16 03:29 mysql01_20170416_023001_fulldrwxr-xr-x 18 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 17 03:26 mysql01_20170417_023001_incr

其中full结尾的说明当天是全备的，incr结尾的说明当天是增备的。

脚本实现逻辑：自动恢复全备数据，并依次恢复其余的增备数据到全备数据中，最后将恢复完毕的全备数据用mysqld拉起来，检查MySQL的错误日志是否有异常报错来判断恢复是否正常。

vim dbrecover.sh

#!/bin/shif [ $# -ne 1 ]then    echo "usage: `basename $0` [mysql01|mysql02]"    exit 1fihostname=$1today=`date +%Y%m%d`sh /home/mysql/shell/mysql_recover.sh $hostname $today

vim mysql_recover.sh

#!/bin/shif [ $# -ne 2 ]then    echo "usage: `basename $0` [mysql01|mysql02|mysql03] 20170501 "    exit 1fihostname=$1#hostname="mysql02"#today=`date +%Y%m%d`today=$2#week=`date +%w`week=`date -d $today +%w`time1=`date +%s`timestamp=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`logdir="/home/mysql/log/mysqlrecoverlog/$hostname/$timestamp"dir="/mysqlbackup/databak/$hostname/"fullname="$dir/full_backup_file.txt"incrname="$dir/incr_backup_file.txt"datadir=`grep datadir /etc/my.cnf|awk -F \= '{print $NF}'`errlog=`grep log-error /etc/my.cnf|awk -F \= '{print $NF}'`n1="0" ##周几做热备，周一到周六为1~6，周日为0。n2="6" ##周几最后一次增备，周一到周六为1~6，周日为0。mkdir $logdir ##创建日志目录function getdir(){if [ $week -eq "$n1" ]then    fulldir=`find /mysqlbackup/databak/${hostname}/ -type d -name "*${today}*full"`    #/mysqlbackup/databak/mysql01/mysql01_20170430_023001_full    if [ ! -n "$fulldir" ]     then        echo "the fulldir not exist!!!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        exit 1    fi    num=`find /mysqlbackup/databak/${hostname}/ -type d -name "*${today}*full"|wc -l`     #/mysqlbackup/databak/mysql01/mysql01_20170429_023001_incr    if [ $num -eq "1" ]     then        echo $fulldir > $fullname    else        echo "there are not only full dbbackup in $today, please check!!!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        exit 1    fi    else    incrdir=`find /mysqlbackup/databak/${hostname}/ -type d -name "*${today}*incr"`    if [ ! -n "$incrdir" ]    then        echo "the incrdir not exist!!!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log    fi    num=`find /mysqlbackup/databak/${hostname}/ -type d -name "*${today}*incr"|wc -l`    if [ $num -eq "1" ]    then        echo $incrdir > $incrname    else        echo "there are not only incr dbbackup in $today, please check!!!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        exit 1    fi        fi}function uncompress(){    dir=$1    /usr/bin/innobackupex --decompress --parallel=8 $dir >>$logdir/uncompress_${timestamp}.log 2>&1    success_flag=`cat $logdir/uncompress_${timestamp}.log|grep "completed OK"`    if [ -n success_flag ]    then        echo "$dir decompress sucessfully!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log    else        echo "$dir decompress failed " >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        exit 1    fi}function full_recover() {        fullbakdir=$1    uncompress $fullbakdir    /usr/bin/innobackupex --use-memory=2G --apply-log --redo-only $fullbakdir >>$logdir/full_recover_${timestamp}.log 2>&1     success_flag=`cat $logdir/full_recover_${timestamp}.log|grep "innobackupex: completed OK"`    if [ -n "$success_flag" ]           then            echo "the full dbbackup $fullbakdir recovery is success!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log          else            echo "the full dbbackup $fullbakdir recovery is fail!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log            exit 1           fi}function incr_recover(){    incrbakdir=$1    fullbakdir=$2    uncompress $incrbakdir    uncompress $fullbakdir    if [ $week -ne "$n2" ]    then        /usr/bin/innobackupex --use-memory=2G --apply-log --redo-only --incremental-dir=$incrbakdir $fullbakdir >>$logdir/incr_recover_${timestamp}.log 2>&1    else        /usr/bin/innobackupex --use-memory=2G --apply-log --incremental-dir=$incrbakdir $fullbakdir >>$logdir/incr_recover_${timestamp}.log 2>&1    fi    success_flag=`cat $logdir/incr_recover_${timestamp}.log|grep "innobackupex: completed OK"`        if [ -n "$success_flag" ]         then                echo "the incr dbbackup $incrbakdir recovery is success!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        else                echo "the incr dbbackup $incrbakdir recovery is fail!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log                exit 1         fi}function mysqlrecover(){    fullbakdir=$1        #uncompress $fullbakdir    rm -fr $datadir    /bin/ln -s $fullbakdir  $datadir    chown -R mysql:mysql $datadir     chown -R mysql:mysql $fullbakdir    /sbin/service mysqld start    error_flag=`grep -i error $errlog`        if [ -z "$error_flag" ]        then                echo "the mysqld don't report error, mysql recover is success!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log        else                echo "the mysqld report error, mysql recover is fail, please check!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log                exit 1        fi    /sbin/service mysqld stop    }getdirif [ $week -eq "$n1" ]then    full=`cat $fullname`    full_recover $fullelse    incr=`cat $incrname`    full=`cat $fullname`    incr_recover $incr $full    if [ $week -eq "$n2" ]    then        mysqlrecover $full    fifitime2=`date +%s`times=$((${time2}-${time1}))echo "it takes $times seconds to finish the recover!!!" >> $logdir/recover_${timestamp}.log

备份机目前采用二进制包安装MySQL的方式，直接上传到/usr/local/mysql目录上，配置好相应的/etc/profile和/etc/my.cnf即可。

cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]datadir=/mysqlbackup/mysql_testsocket=/mysqlbackup/mysql_test/mysql.sockuser=mysql# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0[mysqld_safe]log-error=/mysqlbackup/mysql_test/mysqld.logpid-file=/mysqlbackup/mysql_test/mysqld.pid

生成的日志文件如下：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 613918 May  4 09:34 incr_recover_20170504092501.log-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   307 May  4 09:34 recover_20170504092501.log-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 259310 May  4 09:26 uncompress_20170504092501.log

其中：

uncompress_20170504092501.log：解压备份文件时产生的日志信息

incr_recover_20170504092501.log：XtraBackup应用备份文件时产生的日志信息

recover_20170504092501.log：当次恢复备份文件记录的简要日志信息