CentOS7.4下MySQL5.7.28的RPM方式安装

Linux系统版本：CentOS7.4
MySQL版本：5.7.28
在Linux平台有RPM包、二进制包、源码包3中安装方式，这一篇文章主要是以RPM包为例来介绍如何在Linux平台下进行MySQL的安装。
下载地址：
https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

安装RPM包的具体操作步骤如下：
（1）首先卸载mariadb，不然后面会和安装mysql需要的库冲突：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadbmariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

（2）切换到root下（只有root才可以执行RPM包）：

[sunan@localhost ~]$ su - rootPassword:Last login: Mon Oct 28 20:12:16 CST 2019 from 192.168.1.19 on pts/0

（3）解压缩安装包：

[root@localhost opt]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tarmysql-community-embedded-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-test-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

（4）安装解压缩的包，这些包不需要全部安装，但要注意安装顺序，有相互依赖：

[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7################################# [100%][root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%][root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.e################################# [100%][root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpmwarning: mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...   1:mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el################################# [100%]

（5）安装完成，数据库初始化：

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

（6）初始化完成，生成一个临时的数据库root密码：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log2019-10-28T13:59:16.673149Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2019-10-28T13:59:17.569975Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902019-10-28T13:59:17.639527Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2019-10-28T13:59:17.701489Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 21f571cf-f98b-11e9-add4-000c29eb2c51.2019-10-28T13:59:17.705734Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2019-10-28T13:59:18.493027Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.2019-10-28T13:59:18.708430Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )DrGVQo+s6-s

（7）启动MySQL：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service● mysqld.service - MySQL Server   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-10-28 22:05:55 CST; 24s ago     Docs: man:mysqld(8)           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html  Process: 1599 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)  Process: 1582 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 1603 (mysqld)   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service           └─1603 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidOct 28 22:05:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...Oct 28 22:05:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

（8）登录MySQL数据库，并设置新的密码：

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password:Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.7.28Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> set password = password('输入新的密码');Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)