SQLPLUS使用视图查看RMAN备份集信息的方法是什么

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关于Oracle数据库的RMAN备份，除了邮件外，是否能通过其它方式检查RMAN备份的成功与失败呢？其实我们可以通过下面SQL脚本来检查某个时间段备份失败的记录：

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS

WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

  AND END_TIME   <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME  ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

  AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'

  AND STATUS !='COMPLETED'

  AND STATUS NOT LIKE 'RUNNING%'

查看备份成功的历史记录：

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS

WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE(&START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

  AND END_TIME   <= TO_DATE(&END_TIME  ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

  AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'

  AND STATUS ='COMPLETED'

其中STATUS主要有RUNNING、RUNNING WITH WARNINGS、RUNNING WITH ERRORS、COMPLETED、COMPLETED WITH WARNINGS、COMPLETED WITH ERRORS、FAILED等几种状态。另外，如果你在命令窗口输入

[oracle@MyDB ~]$ date

Tue Jul 19 10:52:02 CST 2016

[oracle@MyDB ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Jul 19 10:52:13 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SCM2 (DBID=3990839260)

RMAN>

在V$RMAN_STATUS里面，你会看到插入了一条记录STATUS为RUNNING状态

SQL> COL ROW_TYPE FOR A10;

SQL> COL OPERATION FOR A10;

SQL> COL COMMAND_ID FOR A20;

SQL> COL STATUS FOR A30;

SQL> COL OBJECT_TYPE FOR A16;

SQL> SELECT ROW_TYPE, COMMAND_ID, OPERATION, STATUS,OBJECT_TYPE

  2  FROM V$RMAN_STATUS

  3  WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2016-07-19 10:52:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');

ROW_TYPE   COMMAND_ID           OPERATION  STATUS              OBJECT_TYPE

---------- -------------------- ---------- ----------------- ----------------

SESSION    2016-07-19T10:52:13  RMAN       RUNNING

此时如果在RMAN中随意执行一个错误命令，如下所示

[oracle@MyDB ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Jul 19 10:52:13 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SCM2 (DBID=3990839260)

RMAN> /

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01006: error signalled during parse

RMAN-02001: unrecognized punctuation symbol "/"

SQL> COL ROW_TYPE FOR A10;

SQL> COL OPERATION FOR A10;

SQL> COL COMMAND_ID FOR A20;

SQL> COL STATUS FOR A30;

SQL> COL OBJECT_TYPE FOR A16;

SQL> SELECT ROW_TYPE, COMMAND_ID, OPERATION, STATUS,OBJECT_TYPE

  2  FROM V$RMAN_STATUS

  3  WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2016-07-19 10:52:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');

ROW_TYPE   COMMAND_ID           OPERATION  STATUS                  OBJECT_TYPE

---------- -------------------- ---------- --------------------- ----------------

SESSION    2016-07-19T10:52:13  RMAN       RUNNING WITH ERRORS

在RMAN中退出，此时你会看到STAUS记录从"RUNNING WITH ERRORS"变成了"COMPLETED WITH ERRORS"

也就是说，你可以在这个视图里面查看在RMAN里面执行的一些操作,例如删除归档日志等，另外，如果要查看RMAN的输出，可以查看V$RMAN_OUTPUT，V$RMAN_OUTPUT 视图记录了RMAN生成的信息，这是在内存中额视图，不会记录到控制文件上。最多有37278条记录.

当然也可以从V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS中查看RMAN备份更详细的信息。

SELECT START_TIME,

      END_TIME,

      OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE,

      STATUS,

      ELAPSED_SECONDS,

      COMPRESSION_RATIO,

      INPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY,

      OUTPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY

FROM V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS

ORDER BY START_TIME DESC ;

另外，如果我们需要查看RMAN备份的一些详细记录，在惜分飞的 通过sql查询rman备份信息博客里面分享了下面一些经典的SQL语句。收录在此。

查看所有备份集详细信息：

SELECT A.RECID "BACKUP SET",

       A.SET_STAMP,

        DECODE (B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL,

                '', DECODE (BACKUP_TYPE, 'L', 'Archivelog', 'Full'),

                1, 'Incr-1级',

                0, 'Incr-0级',

                B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL)

           "Type LV",

        B.CONTROLFILE_INCLUDED "包含CTL",

        DECODE (A.STATUS,

                'A', 'AVAILABLE',

                'D', 'DELETED',

                'X', 'EXPIRED',

                'ERROR')

           "STATUS",

        A.DEVICE_TYPE "Device Type",

        A.START_TIME "Start Time",

        A.COMPLETION_TIME "Completion Time",

        A.ELAPSED_SECONDS "Elapsed Seconds",

        A.BYTES/1024/1024/1024 "Size(G)",

        A.COMPRESSED,

        A.TAG "Tag",

        A.HANDLE "Path"

   FROM GV$BACKUP_PIECE A, GV$BACKUP_SET B

  WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP AND A.DELETED = 'NO'

RDER BY A.COMPLETION_TIME DESC;

查找某个备份集中包含数据文件

SELECT DISTINCT c.file#,A.SET_STAMP, D.NAME, C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, C.CHECKPOINT_TIME

FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$DATAFILE D

WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP

    AND D.FILE# = C.FILE#

    AND A.DELETED='NO'

    AND c.set_stamp=&set_stamp

 ORDER BY C.FILE#;

查询某个备份集中控制文件

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP,

                D.NAME,

                C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,

                C.CHECKPOINT_TIME

 FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$CONTROLFILE D

 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP

   AND C.FILE# = 0

   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'

   AND C.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

查看某个备份集中归档日志:

SELECT DISTINCT B.SET_STAMP,

                B.THREAD#,

                B.SEQUENCE#,

                B.FIRST_TIME,

                B.FIRST_CHANGE#,

                B.NEXT_TIME,

                B.NEXT_CHANGE#

 FROM V$BACKUP_REDOLOG B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A

 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP

   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'

   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP

 ORDER BY THREAD#, SEQUENCE#;

查看某个备份集SPFILE

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP, B.COMPLETION_TIME, HANDLE

FROM V$BACKUP_SPFILE B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A

 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP

   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'

   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

查看RMAN的配置信息

SELECT NAME,VALUE FROM V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION;

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