Oracle自治事务autonomous_transaction怎么用
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范例
1. 过程中的使用：
非自治事務如下
create or replace procedure sfis1.nonautonomous_insert_goal
as
begin
insert into t values('NONAUTONOMOUS INSERT','1','1');
commit;
end;
自治事務如下
create or replace procedure sfis1.autonomous_insert_goal
as pragma autonomous_transaction;
begin
insert into t values('AUTONOMOUS INSERT','1','1');
commit;
end;
當執行如下（插入兩行）：
begin
insert into t values ('AUTONOMOUS INSERT','1','1');
NONAUTONOMOUS_INSERT_GOAL;
rollback;
end;
當執行下面（只插入一行）
begin
insert into t values ('AUTONOMOUS INSERT','1','1');
AUTONOMOUS_INSERT_GOAL;
rollback; end;
2.trigger 中的使用：
觸發器只commit該觸發的信息，觸發器之外的不會commit
create table emp
as
select * from scott.emp;
create table audit_tab
( username varchar2(30) default user,
timestamp date default sysdate,
msg varchar2(4000))
只有他的老板才能更新他的信息
create or replace trigger sfis1.emp_audit
before update on sfis1.emp for each row
declare
pragma autonomous_transaction;
l_cnt number;
begin
select count(*) into l_cnt from dual
where exists ( select null from emp where empno = :new.empno
start with mgr = ( select empno from emp where ename = user )
connect by prior empno = mgr );
if ( l_cnt = 0 )
then
insert into audit_tab ( msg )values ('Attempt to update'|| :new.empno );
commit;
raise_application_error(-20001,'Access Denied');
end if;
end;
3.對对select查询语句的审计方法
create table sfis1.audit_trail
(username varchar2(30 byte), pk number,attribute varchar2(30 byte),
Dataum varchar2(255 byte),timestamp date)
查詢及記錄用視圖，當查詢含sal, comm, hiredate記錄時插入審計表
create or replace force view sfis1.emp_v
(empno, ename, job, mgr, sal, comm, hiredate, deptno)
as
select empno, ename, job, mgr,
audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'sal', sal) sal,
audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'comm', comm) comm,
audit_trail_pkg.record (empno, 'hiredate', hiredate) hiredate,
deptno from emp;
CREATE OR REPLACE package SFIS1.audit_trail_pkg
as
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in number ) return number;
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 ) return varchar2;
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in date ) return date;
end;
create or replace package body sfis1.audit_trail_pkg
as
procedure log( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 )
as
pragma autonomous_transaction;
begin
insert into audit_trail values( user, p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum, sysdate );
commit;
end;
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in number ) return number
is
begin
log( p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum );
return p_dataum;
end;
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in varchar2 ) return varchar2
is
begin
log( p_pk, p_attr, p_dataum );
return p_dataum;
end;
function record( p_pk in number,p_attr in varchar2,p_dataum in date ) return date
is
begin
log( p_pk, p_attr,to_char(p_dataum,'dd.mon.yyyy hh34:mi:ss') );
return p_dataum;
end;
end;
结束自治事务：
为了结束自治事务，必须发出一个完成的COMMIT或ROLLBACK，或执行DDL（隐含COMMIT）。當自主事務做出SET TRANSACTION或SAVEPOINT時，自主事務將自動開始。
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