ORA600[13011]表与索引数据逻辑错误分析及解决

一、问题概述

1、数据库环境：

Oracle Database 11.2.0.3.0 for Oracle Linux Server release 6.4，RAC，虚拟机

2、巡检时发现某数据库alert.log日志报ORA-00600[13011]错误，报错频繁，虽然未导致数据库宕机，但已影响业务，报错如下：

[oracle@NODE1 trace]$ grep -i ora-00600 alert*.log|grep 13011 | sort -uORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [24], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], [] -- Tue Feb 06 00:07:53 开始报错ORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], []

trace文件中信息：

从这里可以看出是对XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD表进行DELEDE操作导致该错误发生

Dump continued from file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_19795.trcORA-00600: [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], []========= Dump for incident 49853 (ORA 600 [13011]) ========*** 2018-02-06 09:37:44.987dbkedDefDump(): Starting incident default dumps (flags=0x2, level=3, mask=0x0)----- Current SQL Statement for this session (sql_id=b6nmg0fpy3smf) ----- delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1

二、问题分析

1、MOS关于ORA 600 [13011]的描述：

Format: ORA-600 [13013] [a] [b] {c} [d] [e] [f] Arg  [a] Passcount Arg  [b] Data Object number Arg {c} Tablespace Decimal Relative DBA (RDBA) of block containing the row to be updated Arg  [d] Row Slot number Arg  [e] Decimal RDBA of block being updated (Typically same as {c}) Arg  [f] Code

参考《 New and Improved: ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文档 ID 1438920.1)》和《ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文档 ID 28185.1)》文章。该报错是由于对某个表执行DML操作，该表对应的某个索引损坏导致的，解决的办法是找出操作的表和受损的索引，重建索引即可。

2、查找报错对象

根据ORA-00600 [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3]报错代码，查找报错对象：

select dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(33682485) rfile,dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(33682485) blocks from dual;     RFILE     BLOCKS---------- ----------         8     128053         select owner, segment_name, segment_type, tablespace_name, a.partition_name from dba_extents a where file_id = 8 and 128053 between block_id and block_id + blocks - 1;OWNER     SEGMENT_NAME   SEGMENT_TYPE       TABLESPACE_NAME  PARTITION_NAME------------ ------------------------ ------------------ ---------------- --------------XXXXXMIN     XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD      TABLE              XXX

trace文件中信息：

BH (0xf60ee308) file#: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053) class: 1 ba: 0xf6c96000 --其对象XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD与查询一致  set: 12 pool: 3 bsz: 8192 bsi: 0 sflg: 1 pwc: 0,25  dbwrid: 0 obj: 321401 objn: 321401 tsn: 8 afn: 8 hint: f  hash: [0x13ef9fd78,0x13ef9fd78] lru: [0xc900efb0,0xaf13f128]  ckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] objq: [0x132d5a950,0x132d5a950] objaq: [0x132d5a940,0x132d5a940]  st: XCURRENT md: NULL fpin: 'kddwh01: kdddel' tch: 1 le: 0xcb0e3ee8  flags: remote_transfered  LRBA: [0x0.0.0] LSCN: [0x0.0] HSCN: [0xffff.ffffffff] HSUB: [65535]  buffer tsn: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053)  --与查询一致，其对象为XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD  scn: 0x0001.084d4f80 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x06 tail: 0x4f800601  frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x538d type: 0x06=trans dataHex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1

3、分析异常表

analyze table xxxxxmin.xxx_xx_xx_xxxxx_old validate structure cascade;ERROR at line 1:ORA-01499: table/index cross reference failure - see trace file --根据文档 1499.1查找trace文件

OERR: ORA-1499 table/Index Cross Reference Failure - see trace file [ID 1499.1]

Error ORA-1499 is produced by statement "ANALIZE TABLE|CLUSTER VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE" to report an inconsistency between a table or a cluster and its index where an index key value is not found in the index or vice versa.The content of the trace file has:: tsn: rdba: description: "row not found in index" "Table/Index row count mismatch""row mismatch in index dba""Table row count/Bitmap index bit count mismatch""kdavls: kdcchk returns %d when checking cluster dba 0xlx objn %d\n" tsn: Tablespace Number where the INDEX is stored.rdba: Relative data block address of the INDEX segment header.

根据文档 1499.1查找trace文件未找到相应的报错。看来与文档描述的情况不同，需进一步分析。

4、根据ROWID分析

通过前面的分析知道ORA-600 [13013]该报错是由于表与索引之间的逻辑数据不一致导致。查询明确关联的索引：

select owner,index_name,index_type from dba_indexes where table_name='XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD' and owner='XXXXXMIN';OWNER              INDEX_NAME           INDEX_TYPE------------------------------------------- ---------------------------XXXXXMIN           PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX       NORMAL--索引创建语句如下：DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL(UPPER('INDEX'),UPPER('PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX'),UPPER('XXXXXMIN'))-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX" ON "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" ("AX_ID", "BX_ID")

根据"XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX"索引的创建语句，该索引为B树索引，它是基于二叉树的,由分支块和叶子块组成，包括每个索引列的值和行所对应的ROWID。

通过下面的语句查询出全表扫描时和索引扫描时存在差异的行：

select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid,   2  dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,   3  dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block     4  from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t  where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null)     5  minus     6  select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid,   7  dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,   8  dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1;

查询结果如下：

ROWID              RELATIVE_FNO      BLOCK------------------ ------------ ----------AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAP            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAQ            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAR            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAY            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAZ            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAa            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAb            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAc            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAd            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAe            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAf            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAg            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAq            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAr            8     128053AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAs            8     12805315 rows selected.

5、验证该表全表扫描与索引扫描时存在差异行

根据下面语句找出差异的数据：

select e.*,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.rowid > (select min(x.rowid) from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD x where x.AX_ID=e.AX_ID and x.BX_ID=e.BX_ID);     AX_ID      BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWID---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ------------------      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAM      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAN      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAP      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAL      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAQ      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACA      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACl      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAB      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAE      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACC      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACm      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAD      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACB      ****         **     **********  ***************     ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAO15 rows selected.

取其中一条数据来验证走全表扫描和索引扫描时的差异

--SQL执行计划通过索引扫描查询的数据SQL> alter session set statistics_level=all;  Session altered.SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;     AX_ID      BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T     ROWNUM ROWID---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------     ****      **     **********               *             * *********          * AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABRSQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SQL_ID  cy48jvzrnuv22, child number 1-------------------------------------select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**Plan hash value: 1022151449  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id  | Operation                    | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT             |                     |      1 |        |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       3 ||   1 |  COUNT                       |                     |      1 |        |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       3 ||   2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       3 ||*  3 |    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN         | PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX  |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       2 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):---------------------------------------------------   3 - access("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**)21 rows selected.--SQL执行计划通过全表查询的数据SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;     AX_ID      BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T     ROWNUM ROWID---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------     ****      **     **********               *             * *********          *  AABOd5AAIAABFRCACkSQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SQL_ID  14vbv6bu472ty, child number 1-------------------------------------select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=** Plan hash value: 3364144674----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id  | Operation          | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |                     |      1 |        |      1 |00:00:00.01 |      68 ||   1 |  COUNT             |                     |      1 |        |      1 |00:00:00.01 |      68 ||*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |      68 |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):---------------------------------------------------   2 - filter(("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**))20 rows selected.

通过对比走全表扫描和索引扫描时存在差异

SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;     AX_ID      BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T     ROWNUM ROWID---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------      ****      **     **********               *             * *********          *  AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABR      SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;     AX_ID      BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T     ROWNUM ROWID---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------        ****      **   **********               *           * *********          *    AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk

小结：在执行delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1时，该SQL的执行计划是走索引扫描，因为表与索引之间的逻辑数据不一致（索引列的值和行所对应的ROWID组成的索引数据与表数据不一致），在变量":1"的值刚好是异常的值时，导致了ORA 600 [13011]的报错。

三、解决方案

1、重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引

因XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX为"AX_ID", "BX_ID"列的联合主键索引，并且AX_ID列作为"XXXXXMIN"."XXX_VX" ("ID")的关联外键，BX_ID列作为 "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_DATAXXXXX" ("ID")的关联外键。所以为避免对业务造成影响，使用ONLINE在线重建的方式重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引。

ALTER INDEX XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX REBUILD ONLINE;

2、验证重建索引后的数据

select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid,   2  dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,   3  dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block     4  from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t  where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null)     5  minus     6  select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid,   7  dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,   8  dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1;    no rows selected