Centos7.7安装vncserver虚拟网络控制台

• 服务端： Centos7.7 Minimal
• 客户端：Windows10
• 客户端VNC-Viewer 6.20下载地址：https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/

本实验中安装的系统没有安装桌面环境，我们需要自己安装，如果已经安装桌面了清跳过这一步。Centos7提供了"Cinnamon Desktop","MATE Desktop","GNOME Desktop","KDE Plasma Workspaces","LXQt Desktop","Xfce"让我们安装。

下面的 命令列出可用环境组：

[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplistLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorThere is no installed groups file.Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comAvailable Environment Groups:   Minimal Install   Compute Node   Infrastructure Server   File and Print Server   Cinnamon Desktop   MATE Desktop   Basic Web Server   Virtualization Host   Server with GUI   GNOME Desktop   KDE Plasma Workspaces   Development and Creative WorkstationAvailable Groups:   Cinnamon   Compatibility Libraries   Console Internet Tools   Development Tools   Educational Software   Electronic Lab   Fedora Packager   General Purpose Desktop   Graphical Administration Tools   Haskell   LXQt Desktop   Legacy UNIX Compatibility   MATE   Milkymist   Scientific Support   Security Tools   Smart Card Support   System Administration Tools   System Management   TurboGears application framework   XfceDone

我们可以选择自己喜欢的桌面环境，在这里选择安装Xfce桌面：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release && yum groupinstall Xfce

[root@localhost ~]# useradd user1[root@localhost ~]# echo '123456'|passwd --stdin user1[root@localhost ~]# usermod -a -G wheel user1

在Centos仓库默认提供的是TigerVNC安装包，我们就安装这个：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module

切换到user1用户，运行 vncserver 命令创建一个初始配置并设置密码：

[root@localhost ~]# su - user1[user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver :2You will require a password to access your desktops.Password:Verify:Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? nA view-only password is not usedNew 'localhost.localdomain:2 (user1)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:2Starting applications specified in /home/user1/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /home/user1/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log

然后停止vncserver服务，目的就是创建密码和.vnc下面的文件。

[user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver -kill :2

编辑用户家目录下面的.vnc/xstartup文件

[user1@localhost ~]$ vim ~/.vnc/xstartup#!/bin/shxrdb $HOME/.Xresources#xsetroot -solid grey#xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &#twm &startxfce4 &

如果需要修改屏幕分辨率，可以修改~/.vnc/config文件，取消gemoetry前面的注释。

[user1@localhost ~]$ vim .vnc/config## Supported server options to pass to vncserver upon invocation can be listed## in this file. See the following manpages for more: vncserver(1) Xvnc(1).## Several common ones are shown below. Uncomment and modify to your liking.### securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc# desktop=sandboxgeometry=1920x1080# localhost# alwaysshared

Unit文件方便快速的启动，停止，重启服务

[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service

编辑vncserver@:2.service，替换文件里面的为user1用户, Type由默认的forking改为simple

[user1@localhost ~]$ vim /etc/systemd/system/vncserver\@\:2.service[Unit]Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)After=syslog.target network.target[Service]Type=simpleExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l user1 -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"PIDFile=/home/user1/.vnc/%H%i.pidExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动vncserver服务

#重新加载管理器配置[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload#启动vncserver[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl start vncserver@:2

在windows10客户端打开VNC Viewer，输入地址和会话端口号：

如果需要将VNC服务器配置为多个用户启动显示，请使用vncserver命令创建初始配置并设置密码，然后使用其他端口创建新的服务文件。

原文地址： https://www.linuxprobe.com/centos7-virtual-network-console.html