Springboot-Shiro该怎么使用

Springboot-Shiro该怎么使用，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。

一、依据官网快速搭建Quickstart

1.1 配置pom.xml依赖

             org.apache.shiro            shiro-core            1.7.1                                    org.slf4j            jcl-over-slf4j            1.7.21                                    org.slf4j            slf4j-log4j12            1.7.21                            log4j            log4j            1.2.17        

1.2配置log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n# General Apache librarieslog4j.logger.org.apache=WARN# Springlog4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN# Default Shiro logginglog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO# Disable verbose logginglog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARNlog4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

1.3 配置shiro.ini

[users]# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' roleroot = secret, admin# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' roleguest = guest, guest# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'presidentskroob = 12345, president# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Roles with assigned permissions## Each line conforms to the format defined in the# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------[roles]# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'admin = *# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:schwartz = lightsaber:*# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

1.4启动类

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class Quickstart {    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);    public static void main(String[] args) {                //使用shiro.ini文件在类路径的根目录        // (file:和url:前缀分别从文件和url加载):        Factory factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);        //获取当前的用户对象Subject        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();                //通过当前用户拿到session        Session session = currentUser.getSession();        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");        if (value.equals("aValue")) {//            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");            log.info("Subject=>session [" + value + "]");        }                //判断当前的用户是否被认证        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {            //Token :令牌，没有获取，随机            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");            token.setRememberMe(true);//记住我            try {                currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作~            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {//用户名不存在                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {//密码不对                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {//用户被锁定的                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");            }            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {//认证异常                //unexpected condition?  error?            }        }        //say who they are:        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");        //test a role:        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");        } else {            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");        }//粗粒度        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");        }//细粒度        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");        }        //all done - log out!        currentUser.logout();        System.exit(0);    }}

二、springboot结合shiro使用

2.1准备数据库

pom.xml添加依赖：

                              org.apache.shiro            shiro-core            1.7.1                                    org.slf4j            jcl-over-slf4j            1.7.21                                    org.slf4j            slf4j-log4j12            1.7.21                            log4j            log4j            1.2.17                            com.github.theborakompanioni            thymeleaf-extras-shiro            2.0.0                                    mysql            mysql-connector-java                            com.alibaba            druid            1.2.5                            org.mybatis.spring.boot            mybatis-spring-boot-starter            2.2.0                                            org.apache.shiro            shiro-spring            1.7.1                            org.springframework.boot            spring-boot-starter-web                            org.thymeleaf            thymeleaf-spring5                            org.thymeleaf.extras            thymeleaf-extras-java8time                            org.projectlombok            lombok            1.18.16            

2.2配置yaml

spring:  datasource:    username: root    password: 123456    #假如时区报错了就增减一个时区的配置就ok了：servletTimezone=UTC    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/security?servletTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncodeing=utf-8    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource    #Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定    #druid 数据源专有配置    initialSize: 5    minIdle: 5    maxActive: 20    maxWait: 60000    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL    testWhileIdle: true    testOnBorrow: false    testOnReturn: false    poolPreparedStatements: true    #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控日志，log4j：日志记录，wall，预防sql注入    #如果允许时报错 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority    #则导入log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j    filters: stat,wall,log4j    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true    connectionProperties: durid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500mybatis:  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

使用thymeleaf写几个页面：

index.html

        
首页
[[${msg}]]
登录
    
add.html
    
update.html

login.html

        
登录
    
用户名
    
密码
    

add.html

        
add

update.html

        
update

三、实体类

package com.jsxl.pojo;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class User {    private int id;    private String name;    private String password;    private String auth;}

3.1UserMapper即UserMapper.xml

package com.jsxl.mapper;import com.jsxl.pojo.User;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository@Mapperpublic interface UserMapper {    public User queryUserByName(String name);}

            select * from security.user where name=#{name}    

UserController(简单使用这里直接调用Mapper)：

package com.jsxl.controller;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;@Controllerpublic class UserController {    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})    public String toIndex(ModelMap map){        map.put("msg","hello shiro");        return "index";    }    @RequestMapping("user/add")    public String add(){        return "user/add";    }    @RequestMapping("user/update")    public String update(){        return "user/update";    }    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")    public String toLogin(){        return "login";    }    @RequestMapping("/login")    public String login(String username, String password, Model model){        //获取当前用户        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        //封装用户的登录数据        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);        //这边用了会存在整个的类里面        try{            subject.login(token);//执行登录的方法，如果没有异常就说明ok了            return "index";        }catch(UnknownAccountException e){//用户名不存在            model.addAttribute("msg","用户名不存在");            return "login";        }catch(IncorrectCredentialsException e){//密码不对            model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");            return "login";        }    }    @RequestMapping("/noauth")    @ResponseBody        public String unauthorized(){            return "未经授权无法访问此页面";        }}

四、shiro的配置类

package com.jsxl.config;import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;import java.util.Map;@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig {    //ShiroFilterFactoryBean    @Bean    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")                                                                    DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();        //设置安全管理器        bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);        //添加shiro内置过滤器        /*        anon ：无需认证就可以访问        autho：必须认证了才能访问        user：必须拥有 记住我 功能才能用        perms：拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问        role: 拥有某个角色权限才能访问         */        //设置一个过滤器链 点击源码看需要什么参数，由于是链表用LinkedHashMap    拦截        Map filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();        //授权  正常情况下 没有授权会跳到未授权的页面        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");//        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add","authc");//        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/update","authc");        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/*","authc");        bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);        //设置登录请求        bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");        //未授权页面        bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");        return bean;    }    //DefaultWebSecurityManager 2    @Bean(name = "securityManager")    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();        //关联UserRealm         securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);         return securityManager;    }    //创建realm 对象 ，需要自定义类 1    @Bean(name = "userRealm")//正常情况下我们的方法名就是他    public UserRealm userRealm(){        return new UserRealm();    }    @Bean    public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){        return new ShiroDialect();    }}

package com.jsxl.config;import com.jsxl.mapper.UserMapper;import com.jsxl.pojo.User;import com.jsxl.service.UserServiceImpl;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;//自定义的UserRealmpublic class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {    @Autowired    UserMapper userMapper;    @Override//授权    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGrtAuthorizationInfo");        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();//        info.addStringPermission("user:add");        //拿到当前登录的这个对象        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        User currentUser = (User)subject.getPrincipal();//拿到user对象        //设置当前登录的用户的权限        info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getAuth());        return info;//授权不能return null    }    @Override//认证    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGrtAuthorizationInfo");        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;//获取信息 全局关系        User user = userMapper.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());        Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        Session session = currentSubject.getSession();        session.setAttribute("LoginUser",user);        if(user==null){            return null;//抛出异常 UnknownAccountException        }        //密码验证  shiro做 有可能会泄露 加密了        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPassword(),"");    }}

五、启动类

package com.jsxl;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class ShiroSpringbootApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(ShiroSpringbootApplication.class, args);    }}

测试：

root用户

test用户

5.1SecurityUtils. getSubject()

SecurityUtils. getSubject()，可以获得当前正在执行的Subject. 一个Subject就是一个应用程序的用户的安全。实际上称它为"User"，但太多的应用程序拥有已经拥有自己的 User 类/框架的现有 API，我们不想与它们发生冲突。此外，在安全领域，该术语Subject实际上是公认的术语。

getSubject()独立应用程序中的调用可能会Subject在特定于应用程序的位置返回基于用户数据的 ，并且在服务器环境（例如 Web 应用程序）中，它Subject根据与当前线程或传入请求关联的用户数据获取。

Session session = currentUser.getSession();session.setAttribute( "someKey", "aValue" );

这Session是一个特定于 Shiro 的实例，它提供了您习惯于使用常规 HttpSessions 的大部分内容，但还有一些额外的好处和一个很大的区别：它不需要 HTTP 环境！

看完上述内容，你们掌握Springboot-Shiro该怎么使用的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！