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CentOS7中怎么动态扩容LVM

发表于：2024-09-22 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2024年09月22日，这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关CentOS7中怎么动态扩容LVM，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。问题CentOS7上面的磁盘空间有点紧张，需要扩容

千家信息网最后更新 2024年09月22日CentOS7中怎么动态扩容LVM

这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关CentOS7中怎么动态扩容LVM，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。

问题

CentOS7上面的磁盘空间有点紧张，需要扩容。

解决

查询当前磁盘状态

[root@xxx ~]# lsblkNAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTfd0               2:0    1    4K  0 disk sda               8:0    0  200G  0 disk ├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot└─sda2            8:2    0 15.5G  0 part   ├─centos-swap 253:0    0  1.6G  0 lvm  [SWAP]  └─centos-root 253:1    0 13.9G  0 lvm  /sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  loop0             7:0    0  4.3G  0 loop /mnt/iso

查询当前文件系统状态

[root@xxx ~]# df -h文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点/dev/mapper/centos-root   14G   14G   20K  100% /devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /devtmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev/shmtmpfs                    3.9G  442M  3.4G   12% /runtmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1                497M  295M  202M   60% /boottmpfs                    782M   12K  782M    1% /run/user/42/dev/loop0               4.3G  4.3G     0  100% /mnt/isotmpfs                    782M     0  782M    0% /run/user/0

查看当前磁盘分区情况

[root@xxx ~]# gdisk /dev/sdaGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Partition table scan:  MBR: MBR only  BSD: not present  APM: not present  GPT: not present***************************************************************Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT formatin memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit bytyping 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitionsto GPT format!***************************************************************Command (? for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 419430400 sectors, 200.0 GiBLogical sector size: 512 bytesDisk identifier (GUID): FE64D670-2841-445E-974F-12A258105C57Partition table holds up to 128 entriesFirst usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 419430366Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundariesTotal free space is 385877949 sectors (184.0 GiB)Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name   1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem   2         1026048        33554431   15.5 GiB    8E00  Linux LVM

lvm扩容

创建8e

[root@xxx ~]# gdisk /dev/sdaGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Partition table scan:  MBR: MBR only  BSD: not present  APM: not present  GPT: not present***************************************************************Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT formatin memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit bytyping 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitionsto GPT format!***************************************************************Command (? for help): nPartition number (3-128, default 3): First sector (34-419430366, default = 33554432) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: Last sector (33554432-419430366, default = 419430366) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +84GCurrent type is 'Linux filesystem'Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): L0700 Microsoft basic data  0c01 Microsoft reserved    2700 Windows RE          3000 ONIE boot             3001 ONIE config           4100 PowerPC PReP boot   4200 Windows LDM data      4201 Windows LDM metadata  7501 IBM GPFS            7f00 ChromeOS kernel       7f01 ChromeOS root         7f02 ChromeOS reserved   8200 Linux swap            8300 Linux filesystem      8301 Linux reserved      8302 Linux /home           8400 Intel Rapid Start     8e00 Linux LVM           a500 FreeBSD disklabel     a501 FreeBSD boot          a502 FreeBSD swap        a503 FreeBSD UFS           a504 FreeBSD ZFS           a505 FreeBSD Vinum/RAID  a580 Midnight BSD data     a581 Midnight BSD boot     a582 Midnight BSD swap   a583 Midnight BSD UFS      a584 Midnight BSD ZFS      a585 Midnight BSD Vinum  a800 Apple UFS             a901 NetBSD swap           a902 NetBSD FFS          a903 NetBSD LFS            a904 NetBSD concatenated   a905 NetBSD encrypted    a906 NetBSD RAID           ab00 Apple boot            af00 Apple HFS/HFS+      af01 Apple RAID            af02 Apple RAID offline    af03 Apple label         af04 AppleTV recovery      af05 Apple Core Storage    be00 Solaris boot        bf00 Solaris root          bf01 Solaris /usr & Mac Z  bf02 Solaris swap        bf03 Solaris backup        bf04 Solaris /var          bf05 Solaris /home       bf06 Solaris alternate se  bf07 Solaris Reserved 1    bf08 Solaris Reserved 2  bf09 Solaris Reserved 3    bf0a Solaris Reserved 4    bf0b Solaris Reserved 5  c001 HP-UX data            c002 HP-UX service         ea00 Freedesktop $BOOT   eb00 Haiku BFS             ed00 Sony system partitio  ed01 Lenovo system partitPress the  key to see more codes: 8e00ef00 EFI System            ef01 MBR partition scheme  ef02 BIOS boot partition fb00 VMWare VMFS           fb01 VMWare reserved       fc00 VMWare kcore crash pfd00 Linux RAID            Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'Command (? for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 419430400 sectors, 200.0 GiBLogical sector size: 512 bytesDisk identifier (GUID): F8A75D30-20AF-412A-A7CD-F66D4A57D232Partition table holds up to 128 entriesFirst usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 419430366Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundariesTotal free space is 209717181 sectors (100.0 GiB)Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name   1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem   2         1026048        33554431   15.5 GiB    8E00  Linux LVM   3        33554432       209715199   84.0 GiB    8E00  Linux LVMCommand (? for help): wFinal checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTINGPARTITIONS!!Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): yOK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.The new table will be used at the next reboot.The operation has completed successfully.

这里需要注意的地方就是，扩容了84G，并且使用8e00。

更新8e

[root@xxx ~]# partprobe -s/dev/sda: gpt partitions 1 2 3[root@xxx ~]# lsblkNAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTfd0               2:0    1    4K  0 disk sda               8:0    0  200G  0 disk ├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot├─sda2            8:2    0 15.5G  0 part │ ├─centos-swap 253:0    0  1.6G  0 lvm  [SWAP]│ └─centos-root 253:1    0 13.9G  0 lvm  /└─sda3            8:3    0   84G  0 part sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  loop0             7:0    0  4.3G  0 loop /mnt/iso

验证8e

[root@xxx ~]# gdisk -l /dev/sdaGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Partition table scan:  MBR: protective  BSD: not present  APM: not present  GPT: presentFound valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.Disk /dev/sda: 419430400 sectors, 200.0 GiBLogical sector size: 512 bytesDisk identifier (GUID): F8A75D30-20AF-412A-A7CD-F66D4A57D232Partition table holds up to 128 entriesFirst usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 419430366Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundariesTotal free space is 209717181 sectors (100.0 GiB)Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name   1            2048         1026047   500.0 MiB   8300  Linux filesystem   2         1026048        33554431   15.5 GiB    8E00  Linux LVM   3        33554432       209715199   84.0 GiB    8E00  Linux LVM

PV阶段

现有PV

[root@xxx ~]# pvdisplay  --- Physical volume ---  PV Name               /dev/sda2  VG Name               centos  PV Size               15.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB  Allocatable           yes (but full)  PE Size               4.00 MiB  Total PE              3970  Free PE               0  Allocated PE          3970  PV UUID               S13vMN-W0wQ-HCae-fPKa-bClZ-RzW0-39xc9C

现在PV的大小是15G。

创建PV

[root@xxx ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

验证PV

[root@xxx ~]# pvdisplay   --- Physical volume ---  PV Name               /dev/sda2  VG Name               centos  PV Size               15.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB  Allocatable           yes (but full)  PE Size               4.00 MiB  Total PE              3970  Free PE               0  Allocated PE          3970  PV UUID               S13vMN-W0wQ-HCae-fPKa-bClZ-RzW0-39xc9C     "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "84.00 GiB"  --- NEW Physical volume ---  PV Name               /dev/sda3  VG Name                 PV Size               84.00 GiB  Allocatable           NO  PE Size               0     Total PE              0  Free PE               0  Allocated PE          0  PV UUID               Ssb5Y6-gD5q-heAE-sil9-oIU3-kdX8-B0pqLS

VG阶段

现有VG

[root@xxx ~]# vgdisplay  --- Volume group ---  VG Name               centos  System ID               Format                lvm2  Metadata Areas        1  Metadata Sequence No  3  VG Access             read/write  VG Status             resizable  MAX LV                0  Cur LV                2  Open LV               2  Max PV                0  Cur PV                1  Act PV                1  VG Size               <15.51 GiB  PE Size               4.00 MiB  Total PE              3970  Alloc PE / Size       3970 / <15.51 GiB  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0     VG UUID               F3IvIs-uz92-m9d6-XYYL-0QvN-xqs8-qxD9fC

VG也是15G。

扩容VG

[root@xxx ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda3  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

在这个阶段遇到Couldn't create temporary archive name.问题，只需要清理一部分无用文件腾出一点点磁盘空间即可。

验证VG

[root@xxx ~]# vgdisplay   --- Volume group ---  VG Name               centos  System ID               Format                lvm2  Metadata Areas        2  Metadata Sequence No  5  VG Access             read/write  VG Status             resizable  MAX LV                0  Cur LV                2  Open LV               2  Max PV                0  Cur PV                2  Act PV                2  VG Size               99.50 GiB  PE Size               4.00 MiB  Total PE              25473  Alloc PE / Size       3970 / <15.51 GiB  Free  PE / Size       21503 / <84.00 GiB  VG UUID               F3IvIs-uz92-m9d6-XYYL-0QvN-xqs8-qxD9fC

Free部分已经不是0了。

LV阶段

现有LV

[root@xxx ~]# lvdisplay   --- Logical volume ---  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap  LV Name                swap  VG Name                centos  LV UUID                c2sXrl-GC3c-nXbi-lED4-MqXx-5FPx-872laM  LV Write Access        read/write  LV Creation host, time tamtest.hngytobacco.com, 2017-06-26 12:02:56 +0800  LV Status              available  # open                 2  LV Size                1.60 GiB  Current LE             410  Segments               1  Allocation             inherit  Read ahead sectors     auto  - currently set to     8192  Block device           253:0     --- Logical volume ---  LV Path                /dev/centos/root  LV Name                root  VG Name                centos  LV UUID                r2qZe6-X3zx-D7te-U0t0-iJDF-VyWf-xl5by8  LV Write Access        read/write  LV Creation host, time tamtest.hngytobacco.com, 2017-06-26 12:02:57 +0800  LV Status              available  # open                 1  LV Size                <13.91 GiB  Current LE             3560  Segments               1  Allocation             inherit  Read ahead sectors     auto  - currently set to     8192  Block device           253:1

这里主要扩容这个LV：/dev/centos/root。

扩容LV

[root@xxx ~]# lvresize -L +83.99GB /dev/centos/root  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 83.99 GiB.  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <13.91 GiB (3560 extents) to <97.90 GiB (25062 extents).  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized

验证LV

[root@xxx ~]# lvdisplay   --- Logical volume ---  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap  LV Name                swap  VG Name                centos  LV UUID                c2sXrl-GC3c-nXbi-lED4-MqXx-5FPx-872laM  LV Write Access        read/write  LV Creation host, time tamtest.hngytobacco.com, 2017-06-26 12:02:56 +0800  LV Status              available  # open                 2  LV Size                1.60 GiB  Current LE             410  Segments               1  Allocation             inherit  Read ahead sectors     auto  - currently set to     8192  Block device           253:0     --- Logical volume ---  LV Path                /dev/centos/root  LV Name                root  VG Name                centos  LV UUID                r2qZe6-X3zx-D7te-U0t0-iJDF-VyWf-xl5by8  LV Write Access        read/write  LV Creation host, time tamtest.hngytobacco.com, 2017-06-26 12:02:57 +0800  LV Status              available  # open                 1  LV Size                <97.90 GiB  Current LE             25062  Segments               2  Allocation             inherit  Read ahead sectors     auto  - currently set to     8192  Block device           253:1

更新扩容

[root@xxx ~]# xfs_growfs /meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=911360 blks         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1         =                       crc=0        finobt=0 spinodes=0data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=3645440, imaxpct=25         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blksnaming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0data blocks changed from 3645440 to 25663488

验证扩容

[root@xxx ~]# df -lh文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点/dev/mapper/centos-root   98G   14G   84G   15% /devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /devtmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev/shmtmpfs                    3.9G  442M  3.4G   12% /runtmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1                497M  295M  202M   60% /boottmpfs                    782M   12K  782M    1% /run/user/42/dev/loop0               4.3G  4.3G     0  100% /mnt/isotmpfs                    782M     0  782M    0% /run/user/0