服务器Centos 7中怎么安装mysql8.0.16

本篇文章为大家展示了服务器Centos 7中怎么安装mysql8.0.16，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。

下载

1. Select Operating System: 选择 Red Hat ，CentOS 是基于红帽的，Select OS Version: 选择 linux 7

2. 选择 RPM Bundle 点击 Download

安装

1 、解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar解压后有如下8个文件：

-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  33432660 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    588520 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   5712552 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  24493344 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   3127296 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2177156 May  3 12:38 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 422672748 May  3 12:39 mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 114848996 May  3 12:40 mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

2、安装

建议装之前先把之前的mysql相关包全部卸载，rpm -e --nodeps <包名>即可

按如下顺序依次安装：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7################################# [100%]

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7################################# [100%]

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.1################################# [100%]

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.e################################# [100%]

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.e################################# [100%]

yum install -y openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64

Installed:
openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1

Dependency Installed:
keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-37.el7_6 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-13.el7 libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-37.el7_6 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7
libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7

rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el################################# [100%]

yum install -y perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64

Installed:
perl-devel.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6

Dependency Installed:
gdbm-devel.x86_64 0:1.10-8.el7 libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-24.el7 perl-ExtUtils-Install.noarch 0:1.58-294.el7_6 perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker.noarch 0:6.68-3.el7
perl-ExtUtils-Manifest.noarch 0:1.61-244.el7 perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS.noarch 1:3.18-3.el7 perl-Test-Harness.noarch 0:3.28-3.el7 pyparsing.noarch 0:1.5.6-9.el7
systemtap-sdt-devel.x86_64 0:3.3-3.el7

Complete!

yum install -y perl-JSON.noarch

Installed:
perl-JSON.noarch 0:2.59-2.el7

Complete!

yum -y install autoconf

Installed:
autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7

Dependency Installed:
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7

Complete!

rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7################################# [100%]

3、测试

mysql -V

显示如下信息说明安装成功

mysql Ver 8.0.16 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

4. 修改默认配置

查看配置文件所在位置

ll /etc/my.cnf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1243 May 3 05:11 /etc/my.cnf

修改常用配置

1. 修改大小写敏感问题

vim /etc/my.cnf

添加如下信息：

#配置MYSQL大小写敏感(1-不敏感，0-敏感)lower_case_table_names=1

注意！MySQL8.0想要 大小写不敏感，必须在安装好MySQL后未启动之前 修改MySQL配置文件设置为不敏感，一旦启动后，再设置是无效的，而且启动会报错。

如果已经晚了，那必须把MySQL数据库文件全部 删除，修改配置文件再启动。

如果数据不重要，可以先关闭服务删掉数据，再执行以上操作：

service mysqld stoprm -rf /var/lib/mysql

5、初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize --console

6、目录授权，否则启动失败

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

7、启动msyql服务

systemctl start mysqld

备注：
停止命令：service mysqld stop

8、查看msyql服务的状态

service mysqld status

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2019-07-15 20:24:51 CST; 1min 18s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 13374 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 13397 (mysqld)
Status: "SERVER_OPERATING"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─13397 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Jul 15 20:24:49 iZbp109fnkszgzwbnmaoe1Z systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jul 15 20:24:51 iZbp109fnkszgzwbnmaoe1Z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

9、在/var/log/mysqld.log下查看临时密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log

2019-07-15T12:23:06.493163Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server in progress as process 13286
2019-07-15T12:23:10.070584Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: dK3rw_EM_mjs
2019-07-15T12:23:11.237915Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server has completed
2019-07-15T12:24:05.782446Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) starting as process 13361
2019-07-15T12:24:05.793657Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012271] [InnoDB] The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-07-15T12:24:05.793678Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012278] [InnoDB] The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-07-15T12:24:05.793704Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-010334] [Server] Failed to initialize DD Storage Engine
2019-07-15T12:24:05.793814Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010020] [Server] Data Dictionary initialization failed.
2019-07-15T12:24:05.793897Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2019-07-15T12:24:05.794672Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.16) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2019-07-15T12:24:50.367615Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) starting as process 13397
2019-07-15T12:24:50.979080Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2019-07-15T12:24:51.199081Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.16' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2019-07-15T12:24:51.265716Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060

10、用临时密码登录到数据库

• mysql -u root -p + 回车键

• 输入临时密码（输入时不会显示出来，输入完直接回车）

11、执行下列mysql命令 修改密码

alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

密码：必须包含数字及大小写字母特殊字符

12、授权远程连接

依次执行下列mysql命令 授权远程连接

查看所有用户是否可以远程连接，依次执行下列命令：

• show databases;

• use mysql;

• select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

修改root用户host值，使root用户可以远程登录

• update user set host = "%" where user='root';

• 刷新
  flush privileges;

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